11 Ways to say "You're Welcome!"
1. Of course
2. No problem
3. Don't mention it
4. It was nothing
5. By all means
6. No worries
7. That's OK
8. That's alright
9. My pleasure
10. You're welcome
11. You got it
धनतेरस पर बधाई देना:
1. Sun glows for a day,
Candle for an hour,
Matchstick for a minute,
But a wish glows forever! Happy Dhanteras!
जैसे सूरज पूरे दिन रोशनी देता है, मोमबत्ती एक घंटे के लिए जलकर रौशनी रोशनी देती है, माचिस एक मिनट के लिए जलकर रोशनी देती है. उसी प्रकार एक शुभकामना सदा के लिए आपकी जिंदगी को रोशन रखता रखती है. धनतेरस की आपको हार्दिक शुभकामाएं.
2. May this Dhanteras fill your life with new dreams,
fresh hopes, undiscovered avenues, and different perspectives. Happy Dhanteras!
यह धनतेरस आपकी जिंदगी को नए सपनों, नयी उम्मीदों, नए रास्तों और खुशियों से भर दे. धनतेरस की आपको हार्दिक शुभकामाएं.
3. On Dhanteras,
May divine blessings of Goddess Lakshmi bestow fortune on you! Happy Dhanteras!
इस धनतेरस, के पावन अवसर पर माता लक्ष्मी की आप पर असीम कृपा हो. धनतेरस की शुभकामनाएं!
4. May goddess Laxmi bless your business to do well!
माता लक्ष्मी आपको आपके व्यापार में सफलता दे.
5. May this Dhanteras light up the hopes of happy times and dreams for a year full of smiles.
यह धनतेरस एक अच्छे खुशहाल साल और अच्छे दिनों की नयी आशा, उम्मीदों से रोशन हो.
6. This Dhanteras, may you be endowed with opulence and prosperity.
इस धनतेरस आपको संपन्नता और समृद्धि प्राप्त हो.
7. Dear Goddess Lakshmi,
Bless the recipient of this message with thirteen times the Dhan.
Happy Dhanteras!
हे माता लक्ष्मी,
जो इस सन्देश को पढ़ रहा हो उसे तेरह गुना अधिक धन प्राप्त हो, ऐसा आशीर्वाद देना.
धनतेरस की शुभकामनाएं!
Wishes for Diwali:
1. May you have a sky full of fireworks,
mouth full of sweets,
house full of diyas and heart full of joy.
Wishing you all a very happy Diwali! (पटाखों की रोशनी से आपका आसमान रोशन रहे, आपका मुह मिठाइयों की मिठास से भरा रहे, आपका घर दीयों की रोशनी और खुशियों से रोशन रहे. आपको दीपावली की हार्दिक शुभकामनाएं.)
2. May the divine light of Diwali diyas spread peace, prosperity, happiness and good health in your life. Wish you a very Happy Diwali!
(इस दीपावली के अवसर पर दीयों की भव्य रोशनी आपके जीवन को ख़ुशी, समृद्धि और अच्छे स्वास्थ्य से भर दे.)
3. May these rich blessings be your due,
A wealth of friendships, old and new.
Some service rendered, some solace given,
And gentle peace with God and Heaven.
(आपको ढेर सारी दुआएं प्राप्त हों, आपको अच्छे दोस्त, सुख, और ईश्वर से अपार शान्ति अपने जीवन में प्रदान हो.)
4. Lights of lamps inspire us to shine in our true spirit! May this festival of light enlighten you all the way!
(रोशनी हमें जगमगाते रहने के लिए प्रेरित करती है, उसी प्रकार यह रोशनी का त्योहार आपके जीवन को हर तरह से रोशन कर दे.)
5. May the sparkles of crackers spread glitters of happiness around you! (इस दीपावली, पटाखों की रोशनी आपके जीवन में खूब खुशियाँ बिखेरे.)
6. Another year will be over, another year will come. I hope and pray that the lights of Diwali illuminate the new chapter of your life. Happy Diwali! (एक साल खत्म होगा, फिर एक नया साल आएगा। मैं आशा करती हूँ की दीपावली की चमक आपके जीवन के नए अध्याय को रोशन रखे. आपको दीपावली की हार्दिक शुभकामनाएं.)
7. May thousands of lamps light up your life with endless happiness, health and wealth. Happy Diwali! (हजारों दीयों की रोशनी आपके जीवन को खुशियों, सुख, समृद्धि और अच्छे स्वास्थ्य से चमकाती रहे.)
Dining Related Words
1. Appetizer - भूख बढ़ाने वाला
2. Condiments - मसाला
3. Main course - मुख्य भोज
4. Platter - थाल
5. Salt shaker - नमक दानी
6. Pepper shaker - काली मिर्च की डिब्बी
7. Table cloth - मेज़ की चादर
8. Pitcher - घड़ा
9. Cup-saucer - कप तश्तरी
10. Carafe - शीशे की सुराही
11. China Cabinet - एक बड़ा कांच का कबट
12. Cutlery - चाकू छुरी इत्यादि
13. Serving dish - जिसमें खाना परोसते हैं
Money and it's forms:
1. At a temple/church: DONATION
2. At a school/ college: FEE
3. In case of a divorce: ALIMONY
4. When you owe: DEBT
5. Pay the government: TAX
6. In a court: FINE
7. Post retirement: PENSION
8. Employer gives you: SALARY
9. For a day worker: WAGE
10. You give your children: ALLOWANCE
11. Borrowed from a bank: LOAN
12. Offer someone for a service: TIP
13. Paid to a kidnapper: RANSOM
14. Illegally received for a service: BRIBE
12 Movie Genres:
1. Romcom - एक मूवी जिसमें रोमांस और कॉमेडी हो.
2. Thriller - सनसनीखेज़ सिनेमा
3. Sci-fi - वैज्ञानिक साहित्य
4. Comedy - कॉमेडी
5. Horror - भय देने वाली मूवी
6. Chick flick - जिसमें मुख्य पात्र महिलाओं का हो
7. Action - जिसमें लड़ाई झगड़ा इत्यादि हो
8. Documentary - जोकि किसी असल घटना पर आधारित हो
9. Adventure - ऐसी फिल्म जिसमें अध्भुत जगहों पर साहसिक कार्य हों
10. Animated - जिसमें फिल्म में ड्राइंग या कार्टून हो
11. Period drama - सामयिक नाटक
12. Fantasy - एक फिल्म जिसमें काल्पनिक घटनाएं हों
Shopping and mall vocabulary:
1. Trolley - जिसमें सामान रखा जा सकता है
2. Escalator - स्वचालित सीढ़ी
3. Billing counter / Cash counter - जहाँ billing होती है
4. Changing room / Fitting room - जहाँ कपड़े try कर सकते हैं
5. Shopping spree: a short period of time in which someone buys a lot of things. जब कम समय में कोई बहुत सी चीज़ें खरीद लेता है
6. Window shopping: the activity of looking at goods displayed in shop windows, especially without intending to buy anything. जब कोई सिर्फ store के बाहर से चीज़ें देख लेता है पर खरीदना नहीं चाहता
7. Rip-off: an act of cheating someone by charging too much or not giving anything of value for money spent. किसी चीज़ को अधिक कीमत लगा कर बेचने
8. Bargain hunting: looking for goods that are value for money, usually because they are on sale at a lower price than normal. ऐसी चीज़ें देखना जो पैसा वसूल हो या जितना पैसा लिखा हो उससे कम में मिल जाएं
9. Discount - सस्ता दाम
10. Price tag - label जिसपे दाम लिखा हो
11. Receipt - रसीद
12. To be on sale: offered for purchase at a reduced price. कम दाम में मिलना
13. Be out of stock: not available to buy (because all have already been bought) जब कोई चीज़ बिक गयी हो और फ़िलहाल store पर मौजूद न हो
14. Barcode: applied to products as a means of quick identification. एक लाईनो वाला कोड जिस से item का पता चल सके
15. Cashier - रोकड़िया
16. Arcade: a covered passage where there are shops or market stalls - एक ढका हुआ गलियारा जहाँ दुकानें होती हैं
17. Shelf: तख़्ता
18. Till: a cash register or drawer for money in a shop. रुपया रखने की सन्दूक
19. Food court: an area in a shopping mall where fast-food outlets are located. जहाँ मॉल में खाना मिलता है
Bank Related Words:
1. ATM: abbreviation of Automated Teller Machine: a machine, usually in a wall outside a bank, from which you can take money out of your bank account using a special card. मशीन जिस से पैसे निकाले जा सकते हैं.
2. Bank balance: अकाउंट में जो पैसे होते हैं
E.g. I'd like to check my bank balance, please.
3. Bank charges: sums of money paid by a customer for a bank's services. बैंक की सर्विस इस्तेमाल करने के लिए कस्टमर को कुछ पैसे देने पड़ते हैं
4. Bank statement: a printed record of the money put into and removed from a bank account. एक statement जिसमें यह लिखा होता है कि बैंक में कितने पैसे डाले गए और कितने निकाले गए
5. Bounce: when a check cannot be paid or accepted by a bank because of a lack of money in the account. बैंक check स्वीकार नहीं करता जब बैंक में पैसे नहीं होते.
E.g. I had to pay a penalty fee when my check bounced.
6. Loan: ऋण
E.g. She's trying to get a $100 000 loan to start her own business.
7. Overdraft: the act of overdrawing a bank account. खाते में जमा से अधिक रकम निकालना
8. Payee: a person who money is paid to or should be paid to. रुपया पानेवाला
9. Traveler's check: एक कागज़ जोकि आप अपने बैंक से लेते हैं ताकि आप उसे बाद में पैसे में बदल सकें जिस भी देश में आप जा रहे हैं
10. Withdraw: पैसे निकालना
11. Borrow: उधार लेना
12. Cashier: जो बैंक में पैसे लेने और देने का ध्यान रखता है
13. Deposit: जमा करना
14. Interest: ब्याज
15. Mortgage: गिरवी रखना
Types of shops and stores:
1. Greengrocer (फल और सब्ज़ी बेचनेवाला): a retailer of fruit and vegetables.
2. Super market (डिपार्टमेंट-स्टोर): a large self-service shop selling foods and household goods.
3. Butcher (मीट बेचने वाला): a person who sells meat in a shop.
4. Florist (फूल बेचने वाला): a person who sells and arranges cut flowers.
5. Delicatessen (दुकान जहाँ परोसने के लिये तैयार खाना मिलता हो): a shop selling cooked meats, cheeses, and unusual or foreign prepared foods.
6. Flea market (पुरानी वस्तुओं को बेंचने का बाजार): a street market selling second-hand goods.
7. Boutique (एक छोटी दुकान जहाँ फैशन परस्त कपड़े मिलते हों): a small shop selling fashionable clothes or accessories.
8. Dairy (दूध मक्खन आदि रखने या बनाने और बेचने का स्थान): a building or room for the processing, storage, and distribution of milk and milk products.
9. Stationery (जहाँ कागज कलम इत्यादि मिलता हो): a place where materials used in writing are sold, such as paper, pens, pencils, and ink.
10. Bakery (नानबाई की दुकान): a place where bread and cakes are made or sold.
11. Mall (मॉल): a large, usually covered, shopping area where cars are not allowed
12. Hardware store (जहाँ औज़ार आदि मिलते हैं): a shop selling tools, implements, and other items used in home life and activities such as gardening.
13. Chemist (औषधि-विक्रेता): a shop where medicinal drugs are dispensed and sold, and in which toiletries and other medical goods can be purchased.
14. Fish monger (मछली बेचने वाला): a person or shop that sells fish.
15. Convenience stores (जहाँ सुविधा का सामान मिलता हो) : a shop with extended opening hours, stocking a limited range of household goods and groceries.
16. News agent (अखबार बेचने वाला): a person or shop selling newspapers, magazines, confectionery, etc.
17. Duty free store (ऐसी दुकान जो एयरपोर्ट पर होती है जहाँ सामान सस्ता मिलता है क्यूंकि उसपर कोई टैक्स नहीं होता): a shop, for example at an airport, where you can buy goods at a cheaper price than usual, because no tax is paid on them.
Ways to Bargain:
1. That's a rip-off: यह बहुत महंगा है
2. Isn't there a discount on this?: क्या इस पर डिस्काउंट है?
3. Please offer a fair price: कृपया इसका सही दाम लगाइए
4. Is that the best price you can give me?: क्या यह आखिरी दाम है?
5. How about $10?: $10 के बारे में क्या ख्याल है?
6. That’s my last offer: यह मेरा आखिरी ऑफर है
7. Can you lower the price?: क्या आप दाम थोड़ा कम कर सकते हैं?
8. That’s too expensive. How about $…?: यह बहुत महंगा है. ...$ के बारे में क्या ख्याल है?
9. That's exorbitant! यह हद से ज़्यादा महंगा है!
10. I think I might be able to find it at a better price. मुझे लगता है यह मुझे इससे बेहतर दाम में मिल जाएगा.
11. I am a regular here. Please offer me a better price. मैं यहाँ अक्सर आता हूँ. मुझे बेहतर दाम बताइये.
12. This is way out of my budget. Is there anything you can do about the price? यह मेरे बजट के बाहर है. क्या आप इसके दाम के बारे में कुछ कर सकते हैं?
13. What if I buy in bulk? अगर में बहुत सारे एक साथ खरीदूँ तो?
Common Ways of Saying Goodbye:
आम तौर पर इस तरह से विदा ले सकते हैं:
1. Bye bye - अलविदा
2. See you later - फिर मिलते हैं
3. So long: goodbye till we meet again. - हम फिर से मिलें तब तक के लिए अलविदा
4. I'm off! - मैं चलता हूँ
5. Later - कभी और
6. All right then - ठीक है फिर
7. It's getting late, I've got to go - देरी हो रही है, मुझे जाना होगा
Formal Ways of Saying Goodbye:
जब आप किसी से औपचारिक तरीके से विदा ले रहे हों, तो कह सकते हैं:
1. I look forward to our next meeting - हमारी अगली मुलाकात के लिए इंतज़ार करूँगा
2. Until tomorrow - कल तक के लिए अलविदा (जब आप किसी से अगले दिन मिल रहे हों)
3. I better be going now. (or I'll be late) - अब मुझे चलना चाहिए नहीं तो मुझे देरी हो जायेगी
4. I'm afraid I have to go now. - मुझे डर है मुझे अब जाना होगा
5. I enjoyed seeing you again. - आपसे दोबारा मिलकर मज़ा आया
6. Keep in touch - मिलते रहना
7. It was nice meeting you! - आपसे मिलकर अच्छा लगा!
Informal Ways of Saying Goodbye:
जब आप दोस्तों या रिश्तेदारों के साथ हों, तो आप कह सकते हैं:
1. Catch you later - बाद में मिलता हूँ
2. I'm out of here - मैं चला
3. Catch you on the flip side - फिर मिलते हैं
4. Peace out! - अलविदा
5. I gotta roll - मुझे जाना होगा
6. I gotta hit the road! - मुझे जाना होगा
Number Forms - in English:
1. 28% - Twenty eight percent
2. 10m x 12m - Ten meters by Twelve meters
3. 10.31 - Ten point three one
4. 1 2/3 - One and two thirds
5. 4/5 - Four fifths
6. 1403 - one thousand four hundred three
Learning tip:
7229 = 7000 200 20 9
7000 (seven thousand) 200 (two hundred) 20 (twenty) 9 (nine)
7229: seven thousand two hundred twenty nine
Conversations at a Hotel
1. Do you have a reservation? (क्या आपके पास रिजर्वेशन है?)
-Yes, I do. It is under the name of Mr. Mittal. (जी, है. वह Mr. Mittal के नाम से है.)
2. May I have your ID for verification, please? (क्या मैं वेरिफिकेशन के लिए आपका ईद देख सकता हूँ?)
- Sure, here you go! (ज़रूर, ये रहा!)
3. Are there any specific preferences you'd like us to be aware of, Mr. Mittal? (क्या आपकी ऐसी कोई पसंदीदा चीज़ है जिसके बारे में हमें पता होना चाहिए?)
- I'd prefer a room with a sea view. (मैं समुन्दर को देखता हुआ रूम लेना पसंद करूँगा)
4. How many guests are with you? (आपके साथ कितने गेस्ट हैं?)
- Four of us. (हम चार हैं)
5. What time would you be checking out, Ms. Kapoor? (आप कितने बजे चेक-आउट करेंगी मिस कपूर?)
- Give us another half hour please. How about at 11:30 AM? (कृपया हमें आधा घंटा और दीजिये. 11:30 बजे कैसा रहेगा?)
7. Would you like us to give you a wake up call, tomorrow? (क्या आप कल सुबह वेक-उप कॉल लेना पसंद करेंगे?)
- That would be great. Please wake me up at 6 AM. (वह ठीक रहेगा. कृपया मुझे सुबह 6 बजे उठा दीजिएगा.)
Questions Asked by a Guest at a Hotel
1. Is the pool open 24 hours?
- The pool is operational from 6 AM till 9 PM, Mr. Smith.
2. Where is the breakfast served?
- Breakfast is served in the main dining hall on the first floor, Ms. Kapoor.
3. Till what time is breakfast buffet open?
- Breakfast is served from 7 AM till 10 AM in restaurant behind the lobby, sir.
4. Can someone help me with my luggage?
- Certainly, ma'am. The bell boy is on his way.
5. Do you have an airport pickup service available?
- Unfortunately, we don't, sir. But, I'd be happy to arrange a taxi for you.
Ways to Say - Hello:
यदि आप किसी को 'Hello' कहना चाहते हैं तो आप इसे अलग-अलग तरीकों से कह सकते हैं, जैसे:
1. Hey there!
2. How are things with you?
3. What's new?
4. It's good to see you!
5. Look who it is!
6. What's up?
7. Long time!
8. How is it going?
9. How's life?
10. How do you do?
Opposite Verbs - in English:
1. Lose - Win
(हारना - जीतना)
2. Borrow - Lend
(उधार लेना - उधार देना)
3. Land - Take off
(जहाज को उतारना - उतारना)
4. Exercise - Rest
(व्यायाम करना - आराम करना)
5. Shout - Whisper
(चिल्लाना - फुसफुसाना)
6. Break - Mend
(तोड़ना - सही करना)
7. Punish - Reward
(दंड देना - इनाम देना)
8. Show - Hide
(दिखाना - छुपाना)
9. Float - Sink
(तैरना - डूबना)
10. Build - Destroy
(बनाना - बिगाड़ना)
11. Stop - Move
(रुकना - चलना)
12. Drop - Pick
(गिराना - उठाना)
Types of Injuries:
1. Sprain (मोच): a sudden or violent twist or wrench of a joint with stretching or tearing of ligaments
2. Fracture (हड्डी टूटना): he breaking of hard tissue (such as bone)
3. Whiplash (गर्दन की मोच): injury caused by a severe jerk to the head, typically in a car accident
4. Cut (चोट/घाव): a long, narrow incision in the skin made by something sharp
5. Graze (खरोंच): a slight injury where the skin is scraped
6. Bruise (नील): an injury which appears as a purple mark on your body, although the skin is not broken.
7. Sunburn (धूप से जलना): a condition in which your skin is sore and red because you have spent too long in the strong heat of the sun
8. Splinter (पतली तीली का त्वचा में घुस जाना): when a small needle-like particle enters into the body
9. Bite (दाँत से काटना): a wound inflicted by a snake, insect, or spider.
10. Burn (जलना): an injury caused by exposure to heat or flame.
11. Sting (डंक मारना): when an insect, plant, or animal hurts (someone) by piercing the skin with a sharp, pointed part that usually contains poison
12. Blister (छाला, फफोला): a painful swelling on the skin that contains liquid, caused usually by continuous rubbing, especially on your foot, or by burning
Dental vocabulary words:
1. Cavity: missing tooth structure. A cavity may be due to decay, erosion or abrasion. If caused by caries; also referred to as carious lesion. (दांतों के मध्य खाली जगह)
2. Abscess: acute or chronic localized inflammation, probably with a collection of pus, associated with tissue destruction and, frequently, swelling; usually secondary to infection. (फोड़ा)
3. Decay: decomposition of tooth structure. (दांतों की सड़न)
4. Enamel: hard calcified tissue covering dentin of the crown of tooth. (दांतों की ऊपरी परत जो दांतों को चमक देती है)
5. Incisors: a tooth for cutting or gnawing; located in the front of the mouth in both jaws. (बीच के 4 दांत जो काटने के काम आते हैं.)
6. Molar: teeth posterior to the premolars (bicuspids) on either side of the jaw; grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (दाढ़)
7. Scurvy: a disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C, characterized by swollen bleeding gums and the opening of previously healed wounds (मसूड़ों की एक बीमारी, जिसमें मसूड़े सूज जाते हैं. यह विटामिन C की कमी से होता है)
8. Plaque: a soft sticky substance that accumulates on teeth composed largely of bacteria and bacterial derivatives. (दांतों पर जमने वाला सफेद deposit, जिसमें बैक्टीरिया पैदा हो जाते हैं)
Common Abbreviations:
1. CD: Compact Disk
2. DVD: Digital Video Disk
3. AM: Ante Meridian
4. PM: Post Meridian
5. AD: Anno Domini
6. BC: Before Christ
7. FM: Frequency Modulation
8. GPRS: General Packet Radio Service
9. USB: Universal Serial Bus
10. WWW: World Wide Web
11. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol
12. HTML: Hypertext Markup Language
13. LAN: Local Area Network
14. SIM: Subscriber Identity Module
15. GSM: Global System for Mobile
16. WLAN: Wireless Local Area Network
8 Possessive Adjectives
A possessive adjective is usually used to describe a noun, and it comes before it, like other adjectives (सम्बन्धवाचक विशेषण संज्ञा का वर्णन करने का काम करते हैं, और अन्य विशेषणों की तरह संज्ञा के पहले आते हैं):
E.g. My car is bigger than her car.
Subject pronoun - Person - Adjective
I (मैं) - 1st person singular - My (मेरा)
You (तुम/आप) - 2nd person- Your (तुम्हारा/आपका)
She (वह) - 3rd person (female) - Her (उसका)
He (वह) - 3rd person (male) - His (उसका)
It (वह) - 3rd (neutral) - Its (उसका)
We (हम) - 1st plural - Our (हमारा)
They (वे) - 3rd plural - Their (उनका)
ध्यान दें:
YOUR - Possessive adjective
YOU'RE - You are
ITS - Possessive adjective
IT'S - It is
Ways to say 'I don't like it' (जब आपको कोई चीज़ पसंद ना हो, उसे आप बहुत तरीकों से कह सकते हैं, नीचे कुछ उदाहरण भी दिए गए हैं.):
1. That's not for me
E.g. Wine is not for me. (wine मुझे पसंद नहीं है.)
2. I'm not into it
E.g. I've never been into baseball. (मुझे कभी baseball पसंद नहीं था.)
3. I'll pass
E.g. Jack - Do you want some beer? (क्या तुम beer लेना पसंद करोगे?)
Mike - I'll pass. (मुझे पसंद नहीं है)
4. I'm not fond of it
E.g. I'm not fond of chocolate icecream. (मुझे chocolate icecream पसंद नहीं है.)
5. I dislike it
6. I'm not crazy about it
E.g. I'm not crazy about sky diving. (मुझे sky diving पसंद नहीं है.)
7. I don't appreciate that
E.g. I don't appreciate people littering during a marathon. (मुझे यह पसंद नहीं है कि marathon के दोहरान लोग कूड़ा करें.)
8. I've had enough
E.g. I think they should stop making such films, I've had enough. (मुझे लगता है उन्हें ऐसी फिल्में बननी बंद कर देनी चाहिए, मुझे पसंद नहीं हैं.)
9. I'm impartial about that
E.g. I'm impartial about going on a plane. (मुझे प्लेन में जाना पसंद नहीं है.)
10. I'm not a big fan of it
E.g. She asked me if I wanted to go to a music concert, but I'm not a big fan of it. (उसने मुझसे पूछा यदि मैं music concert में जाना चाहता हूँ, लेकिन मुझे कुछ ख़ास पसंद नहीं है.)
Saying 'Happy Birthday' in English:
1. Many many happy returns of the day - दिन की बहुत बहुत शुभकामनाएं
2. Many more happy returns! - बहुत शुभकामनाएं
3. I wish you a wonderful birthday! - आशा है आपका जन्मदिन शानदार हो!
4. Have a great one! - आपका जन्मदिन अच्छा रहे!
5. Have a good one! - आपका जन्मदिन अच्छा रहे!
6. May your birthday be filled with laughter! - आपके जन्मदिन पर आप हँसते रहें!
7. May you have a fantastic day and many more to come! - आपका यह दिन और आने वाले सारे दिन शानदार रहें!
8. I hope you have a wonderful birthday! - आशा है आपका जन्मदिन शानदार हो!
9. I wish you all the best on your special day. - आपके खास दिन पर आपको बहुत शुभकामनाएं.
10. I hope you have a fantastic day and a fantastic year to come. - आपका दिन और आने वाला साल शानदार रहे.
11. Wishing you a day that is as special as you are. - आपका दिन उतना ही खास हो जितने की आप हैं.
12. Have a fabulous birthday. - आपका जन्मदिन शानदार रहे.
13. Wishing you many more candles to blow. (इसका अर्थ है, आपकी उम्र बहुत लम्बी हो, जितनी उम्र, उतनी मोमबत्तियाँ.)
How To Tell What's Wrong With You To A Doctor
1. My hair is falling out. Am I going bald? - मेरे बाल झड़ रहे हैं. क्या मैं गंजा हो रहा हूँ?
2. My nose is runny. - मेरी नाक बह रही है.
3. My eyes are watery. - मेरी आँखों में पानी आ रहा है
4. I have a sore throat. - मेरा गला खराब है
5. My chest feels tight. I can't breathe. - मेरी छाती में भारीपन है. मैं सांस नहीं ले पा रहा.
6. My stomach hurts. - मेरे पेट में दर्द हो रहा है.
7. I think I've pulled a muscle in my leg. - लगता है मेरे पैर की मासपेशियां खिंच गयी हैं.
8. I twisted my ankle. - मेरे पैर में मोच आ गयी है
9. I've got a pain in my back. - री पीठ में दर्द हो गया है.
10. My skin is itchy. - मेरी त्वचा पे खुजली हो रही है.
11. I have a toothache. - मेरे दांत में दर्द है.
12. My joints are aching. - मेरे जोड़ों में दर्द हो रहा है.
13. I've got a swollen ankle. - मेरी एड़ी में सूजन है
14. I've been having difficulty in sleeping. - मुझे सोने में तकलीफ हो रही है.
Medicinal herbs:
1. Indian Gooseberry - आमला
2. Indian lilac - नीम
3. Holy Basil - तुलसी
4. Turmeric - हल्दी
5. Sandalwood - चन्दन
6. Licorice - मुलेठी
7. Water hyssop - ब्राह्मी
8. Long Pepper – पिप्पल
9. Asparagus racemosus - शतावरी
10. Aloevera - ग्वार पाठा
11. Fuller's Earth - मुल्तानी मिटटी
12. Dill - सुआ
Describing Men's Looks:
1. Beard - दाढ़ी
2. Moustache - मूंछ
3. Goatee: a small pointed beard like that of a goat. - बकरे की सी दाढ़ी
4. Bald - गंजा
5. Sideburns (कलमें): a strip of hair grown by a man down each side of the face in front of his ears.
6. Gray hair - सफ़ेद बाल
7. Mohawk : s a hairstyle in which, in the most common variety, both sides of the head are shaven, leaving a strip of noticeably longer hair in the center. (जब सर पर सिर्फ एक बालों की पट्टी होती है और दोनों तरफ गंजा)
8. Mane/ chin curtain: a beard that is a particular style of facial hair that grows along the jaw line and covers the chin completely. (दाढ़ी जो ठुड्डी पर होते हुए कलमों तक जाती है)
9. Clean shaven: बिना दाढ़ी या मूंछ के
10. Stubble (हलकी हलकी दाढ़ी): short, stiff hairs growing on a man's face when he has not shaved for a while.
18 Housing Forms
Permanent Housing:
1. Cottage - झोंपड़ा
2. Dormitory - छात्रालय
3. Hotel - होटल
4. Monastery - आश्रम
5. Palace - हवेली
6. Villa - एक बहुत बड़े क्षेत्र में बना हुआ फार्म हाउस जैसा घर
7. Hut - कुटिया
8. Pit house: a primitive habitation consisting of a pit dug in the earth and roofed over. - एक घर जो गढ्ढे में बना होता है
9. Castle - किला
10. Lighthouse: a tower or other structure containing a beacon light to warn or guide ships at sea. - जिसमें जहाज वालों कों रास्ता दिखलाने के लिये ऊंचे पर रोशनी होती है
9 Health Phrases
1. Pass away - die (मर जाना)
E.g. She passed away in her sleep.
2. Pass out - faint (बेहोश हो जाना)
E.g. He was hit on the head and passed out.
3. Run over - hit by a vehicle (मारकर निकलना)
E.g. He got run over by a car.
4. Get over - recover from something (स़्वस़्थ होना)
E.g. She got over Dengue.
5. Break out - start suddenly (एकदम से शुरू होना)
E.g. Zika virus broke out in early 2015.
6. Come down with - become sick (not serious) (बीमार हो जाना)
E.g. I came down with flu.
7. Fight off - to free yourself from an illness (बीमारी से मुक्त होना)
E.g. I've been fighting off cold all week.
8. Throw up - be sick, vomit (उलटी करना)
E.g. She threw up after staying awake all night.
9. Come to - become conscious (होश में आना)
E.g. When I came to, I had a splitting headache.
Sports Vocabulary: How to Use Do-Play-Go
Do is used for a recreational activity or a non-team sport that does not use a ball.
1. Karate - कराटे
2. Judo - जूडो
3. Taekwondo - कराटे जैसा एक खेल
4. Kung-Fu - कंग फ़ू
5. Athletics - खेलकूद
6. Aerobics - हवाई करतब
7. Ballet - नृत्य नाटिका
8. Yoga - योग
9. Archery - धनुर्विद्या / तीरंदाज़ी
10. Tai-chi - चीनी कसरत करने का तरीका
Play is used with ball sports or competitive games where we play against another person.
1. Basketball - बास्केटबॉल
2. Baseball - बेसबॉल
3. Tennis - टैनिस
4. Golf - गोल्फ
5. Volleyball - वॉलीबाल
6. Football - फ़ुटबॉल
7. Rugby - रग्बी फुटबाल
8. Chess - शतरंज
9. Cricket - क्रिकेट
10. Board games - विशेष प्रकार के बोर्ड या पट्टे के खेल जैसे शतरंज
11. Hockey - हॉकी
12. Snooker - बिलियर्ड टेबल का खेल
13. Squash - एक प्रकार का टैनिस जैसा खेल
14. Badminton - बैडमिंटन
Go is used with activities that end -ing. We go somewhere to do something.
1. Swimming - तैराकी
2. Hiking - पैदल लंबी यात्रा
3. Jogging - जॉगिंग
4. Running - दौड़ना
5. Fishing - मछ्ली पकड़ना
6. Bowling - गेंदबाजी
7. Fencing - तलवार से लड़ाई करना
8. Wrestling - कुश्तीबाजी
9. Skiing - स्कीइंग
10. Riding - घुड़सवारी
11. Sailing - नौकायन
Children's Day wishes:
1. May the love and laughter always stay on every child's face. Happy Children's Day! (हर बच्चे के चेहरे पर हमेशा मुस्कान, ख़ुशी और प्यार रहे. बाल दिवस की शुभकामनाएं.)
2. There are some things money can't buy. One of such things is our childhood. Happy Children's Day! (ऐसी कईं चीज़े हैं जो पैसा नहीं खरीद सकता उनमें से एक है बचपन. बाल दिवस की शुभकामनाएं.)
3. Children are the best creation of god, they spread joy in every season.
Happy Children's Day! (बच्चे भगवान की सबसे प्यारी रचना हैं वे हर जगह खुशियाँ भर देते हैं. बाल दिवस की शुभकामनाएं.)
4. Oh those beautiful childhood days,
I do miss them in many ways,
Childhood innocence goes by so fast,
And before we know it, it's in the past! Happy Children's Day! (वह बचपन के सुहावने दिन. मुझे वह कई कारणों से याद आते हैं. बचपन का भोलापन वक्त के साथ चला जाता है. और जब तक हमे एहसास होता है हम बड़े हो जाते हैं और बचपन हमारा बीती हुई बात हो जाता है. बाल दिवस की शुभकामनाएं.)
5. There are only two lasting gifts we should give our children, one is roots and second is wings...
Happy Children's Day! (ऐसे दो तोहफे जो हमें हमारे बच्चों को देने चाहिए - एक तो उन्हें उनके मूल अथवा आधार का ज्ञान और दूसरा अपने अरमानों की उड़ान भरने की आज़ादी. बाल दिवस की शुभकामनाएं.)
6. Happy Children's day to everyone! There is a child within us all. (बाल दिवस की सभी को हार्दिक शुभकामनाएं। हम सब के अंदर आज भी कहीं न कहीं एक छोटा बच्चा मौजूद है.)
11. Skyscrapers: a very tall building of many storeys. - बहुत ऊंची मारत
12. Semi-detached houses - एक तरफ़ से जुड़ा हुआ
Semi-Permanent and Mobile Housing:
1. Igloo - एस्किमो की झोपड़ी
2. Beach hut: a small building on or near a beach, usually made of wood, used for storing things that you use on the beach and for changing your clothes. - एक कुटिया जो समुद्र तट पर होती है
3. Houseboat: a boat that people use as their home, often kept in one place on a river or canal. - नाव पर बना घर
4. Tent - टैंट
5. Camper: a large motor vehicle with living accommodation. - एक बड़ा वाहन जिसमें रहने की जगह हो
6. Wigwam: a dome-shaped hut or tent - कुटिया
9 Ways to Describe People
1. Absent minded (खोया-खोया) - very forgetful or inattentive
2. Big headed (घमण्डी) - arrogant
3. Hot headed (जल्दी से गुस्सा होने वाला) - gets angry quickly
4. Nosy (दूसरों के मामलों में दखल देने वाला) - curious about others
5. Early bird (जल्दी उठ कर काम शुरू करने वाला व्यक्ति) - a person who gets up/arrives early
6. Night owl (जिसे रात को देर तक जागना पसंद हो) - a person who enjoys staying up late at night
7. Daredevil (हिम्मती) - a reckless person who enjoys doing dangerous things
8. Troublemaker (अंशाति फैलाने वाला) - someone who intentionally causes problems for other people
9. Couch potato (टीवी देखकर समय गँवाने वाला) - a person who takes little or no exercise and watches a lot of television.
How to Thank and say You're Welcome
Thank You
1. Thank you so much.
2. You are a life saver.
3. What would I do without you?
4. I really appreciate what you've done.
5. I can't thank you enough.
6. You're the best
7. You're too kind.
You're Welcome
1. Anytime
2. Don't mention it
3. Glad to help
4. My pleasure
5. No problem
6. No worries
7. It was nothing
8 Relationships Phrasal Verbs:
1. Get together (मिलना): gather or assemble socially or to cooperate.
E.g. Shall we get together on Friday and go for a drink or something?
2. Bring up (पालन-पोषण करना): to look after a child until he/she is an adult.
E.g. He was brought up by his grandmother.
3. Grow up (बड़ा होना): to gradually become an adult.
E.g. I grew up in Scotland.
4. Take after (किसी के जैसा दिखना): to be similar to an older member of the family.
E.g. He takes after his mother's side of the family.
5. Grow apart (दूरियां बढ़ जाना): to gradually have a less close relationship.
E.g. He and his wife had been growing apart for at least a year.
6. Mix up (पहचानने में गड़बड़ कर देना): a confusion of one thing with another.
E.g. They look so alike that it’s easy to mix them up.
7. Hang out with (किसी के साथ hangout करना): to spend time with someone.
E.g. This weekend I am hanging out with my family.
8. Ring up (किसी को फ़ोन मिलाना): to make a phone call to someone.
E.g. Sam rang me up last weekend.
20 Words in American English vs. British English
20 अमरीकी और ब्रिटिश अंग्रेज़ी शब्दों में फर्क
American - British
1. Cab - Taxi
(टैक्सी)
2. Truck - Lorry
(ट्रक)
3. Subway - Underground
(सुरंग)
4. Gasoline - Petrol
(पेट्रोल)
5. Highway - Motorway
(हाइवे)
6. Vacations - Holidays
(अवकाश)
7. Stove - Cooker
(चूल्हा)
8. Drapes - Curtains
(पर्दा)
9. Faucet - Tap
(नल)
10. Apartment - Flat
(फ्लैट)
11. Closet - Wardrobe
(अलमारी)
12. Elevator - Lift
(लिफ़्ट)
13. Chips - Crisps
(चिप्स)
14. Cookies - Biscuits
(बिस्कुट)
15. Candy - Sweets
(टॉफ़ी)
16. Sneakers - Trainers
(एक प्रकार का जूता)
17. Zipper - Zip
(ज़िप)
18. Diaper - Nappy
(शिशुओं को पहनाई जाने वाली चड्डी)
19. Pants - Trousers
(पतलून)
20. Eraser - Rubber
(रबड़)
30 Classroom Related Words
1. Look at the board. = Blackboard की तरफ देखना.
2. Write on the board. = बोर्ड पर लिखना.
3. Dictate a sentence. = वाक्य का कथन करना.
4. Copy the word. = शब्द को देख के लिखना.
5. Take notes. = Notes बनाना
6. Say your name. = अपना नाम बताना
7. Spell your name. = अपने नाम की spelling बताना
8. Take out a piece of paper. = कागज का एक टुकड़ा निकालना.
9. Pass a test. = टेस्ट पास करना
10. Hand in your test. = अपने टेस्ट की copy अध्यापक को देना.
11. Raise your hand. = हाथ खड़ा करना
12. Participate in the class. = कक्षा में भाग लेना
13. Ask for help. = मदद के लिए पूछना
14. Stand up, please. = कृपया, खड़े हो जाइए
15. Sit down, please. = कृपया, बैठ जाइए
16. Repeat after me, please. = कृपया, मेरे साथ दोहराइए
17. Work in pairs. = जोड़े में काम करना
18. Ask your partner. = अपने साथी से पूछना
19. Put away, your books. = अपनी किताबों को अंदर रख दो.
20. Clear off your desk. = अपनी मेज़ पर से सब सामान हटा देना
21. Look at the picture. = तस्वीर की ओर देखो
22. Draw a picture. = तस्वीर बनाओ
23. Ask a question. = प्रश्न पूछें
24. Answer a question. = सवाल का जवाब देना
25. Read the dialogue. = Dialogue पढ़िए
26. Listen and repeat. = सुनो और दोहराओ
27. Fill in the blank. = रिक्त स्थान भरें
28. Choose the correct answer. = सही उत्तर चुनें
29. Label the picture. = तस्वीर को लेबल करें
30. Unscramble the words. = शब्दों को सही क्रम में लिखें
14 Mathematics Symbols
- minus/negative घटाना
plus/positive जोड़ना
X multiplied by गुणा
÷ divided by भाग
= equals बराबर
≠ is not equal to के बराबर नहीं
≈ is approximately equal to लगभग बराबर है
~ is equivalent to के बराबर है
≡ is identical with के समान है
± plus or minus - In mathematics, it generally indicates a choice of exactly two possible values, one of which is the negation of the other.
< less than से कम
≤ less than or equal to से कम या बराबर
> greater than से अधिक
≥ greater than or equal to से अधिक या उसके बराबर
20 Gender Nouns
1. Husband - Wife = पति - पत्नी
2. Host - Hostess = मेज़बान - परिचारिका
3. Landlord - Landlady = मकान मालिक - मकान मालकिन
4. Master - Mistress = मालिक - मालकिन
5. Lad - Lass = लड़का - लड़की
6. Bridegroom - Bride = दूल्हा - दुल्हन
7. Wizard - Witch = जादूगर - जादूगरनी (अक्सर 'witch' को बुरा जादू करने वाली चुड़ैल के रूप में दिखाया जाता है.)
8. King - Queen = राजा - रानी
9. Gentleman - Lady = सज्जन - भद्र महिला
10. Bachelor - Spinster = कुंवारा - कुंवारी
11. Monk - Nun = साधु - साध्वी
12. Nephew - Niece = भतीजा/भांजा - भतीजी/भांजी
13. Father - Mother = माता - पिता
14. Actor - Actress = अभिनेता - अभिनेत्री
15. Uncle - Aunt = चाचा - चाची
16. Heir - Heiress = उत्तराधिकारि - उत्तराधिकारिणी
17. Emperor - Empress = सम्राट - महारानी
18. Baron - Baroness = नवाब - नवाबिन
19. Priest - Priestess = पुजारी - पुजारिन
20. Prince - Princess = राजकुमार - राजकुमारी
9 Stages of Life (जीवन के 9 चरण):
1. New born - नवजात
2. Toddler - वह उम्र जब बच्चें खिसक के चलना शुरू करते हैं (1 से 3 साल तक के बच्चें)
3. Child - बच्चा (लगभग 3 से 9 साल तक के बच्चें)
4. Preteen - किशोर अवस्था के पहले का समय (लगभग 9 से 12 साल तक के बच्चें)
5. Teenager - किशोर/ किशोरी (13 से 19 साल तक के बच्चें)
6. Young adult - युवा
7. Middle aged adult - मध्यम आयु वर्ग के वयस्क (45 से 65 वर्ष के बीच का समय)
8. Retired - सेवानिवृत्त
9. Elderly - बुजुर्ग
Bad habits (बुरी आदतें)
1. Cracking knuckles - अंगुलियां चटकाना
2. Twirling hair - बालों या लटों को गोल गोल घुमाना
3. Picking your nose - नाक में उंगली डालना
4. Slouching back - कमर/पीठ झुकाकर बैठना या चलाना
5. Shaking legs - पैर हिलाना (बैठे हुए)
6. Cursing - कोसना
7. Road rage - सड़क पर बहुत तेज़ गाड़ी चलाना
8. Procrastinate - किसी काम को टालना
Expressions:
1. Smile - मुस्कान
2. Glare - तकना
3. Smirk - बनावटी ढंग से मुस्कुराना
4. Grin - हंसना
5. Frown - क्रोध करना
6. Giggle - खिल्ली
7. Chuckle - दबी हुई हँसी
8. Sneer - घृणा की दृष्टि
9. Sulk - नाराज़ होना
10. Shrug - कन्धा झाड़ना
11. Scowl - गुस्से से देखना
Telephone vocabulary and phrases
1. May I speak to...?(क्या मैं...से बात कर सकता हूँ?)
2. I am calling on behalf of...(मैं...की ओर से फ़ोन कर रहा हूँ)
3. How may I help you? (मैं आपकी कैसे मदद कर सकता हूँ?)
4. Where are you calling from? (आप कहाँ से बात कर रहे हैं?)
5. I'd like to speak to... (मैं...से बात करना चाहूंगा)
6. I'm afraid you've got the wrong number. (मुझे डर है आपने गलत नंबर मिलाया है)
7. Your voice is cracking. (आपकी आवाज़ कट रही है.)
8. I can't hear you too well. (मुझे आपकी आवाज़ ढंग से नहीं आ रही.)
9. Could you please repeat what you just said? (आपने अभी जो कहा क्या आप वह दोहरा सकते हैं?)
10. I'm afraid I can't hear you. (मैं आपको सुन नहीं पा रहा)
11. Would you like to leave a message? (क्या आप कोई मैसेज देना चाहेंगे?)
Holding the line:
1. Just a moment, please. (एक मिनट)
2. Please hold on (कृपया होल्ड करें)
3. Hang on (होल्ड करें)
Speaking Fluent English - Filler Words:
Use filler words when you need to think about your answer or statement.
1. Don't tell me!: this filler word is used when you get to know a secret from someone.
E.g.
Sam: Joe is dating Anna.
Jack: Don't tell me!
2. No way: under no circumstances; not at all.
E.g. You think she's alone? No way.
3. Basically: particularly when you're giving a presentation, and you need to buy some time to gather your thoughts.
E.g. Basically, the chart you see here is from this year's data.
4. Wow: when you like something but you don't get the right words. For example, when someone shows you something and you don't know what to say that would make them feel nice about it.
E.g. Wow! nice necklace!
5. Well: when two people are talking continuously, and sometimes they fall short of words, 'well' is used as a filler word to buy some time and gather thoughts.
E.g. Well, you know what happened the other day...
6. You see: this filler word has no meaning as such, but is often used when you can't think of a better word but want to continue talking.
E.g. I bought myself a new pen, you see.
7. Certainly: when you are acknowledging someone.
E.g.
Jack: Would you be going to Sam's party?
Joe: Certainly!
8. By the way: a filler word when you have to change the topic and start discussing about something new.
E.g. By the way, what did you get for lunch today?
9. To be honest: when you are not comfortable sharing something, you use this filler word.
E.g. To be honest, I make enough money to fill my tummy.
10. In my opinion: the way I think about it
E.g. In my opinion, we should leave within 15 minutes or we will miss the bus.
11. Exactly!: rather than acknowledging by saying 'Yes'. A lot of people use 'Exactly'.
E.g. Exactly, I would be visiting my cousin.
[20/04 08:15] Raj Kumar: Types of coffee (कॉफ़ी के प्रकार):
1. Latte: a type of coffee made with espresso and hot steamed milk, milkier than a cappuccino. (Latte, espresso और steamed milk से बनती है. इसमें cappuccino के मुक़ाबले दूध की मात्रा ज्यादा होती है)
2. Cappuccino: a type of coffee made with espresso and milk that has been frothed up with pressurized steam. (Cappuccino, espresso और झाग वाले गरम दूध से बनायीं जाती है.)
3. Black: coffee which has no milk or cream added to it. (कॉफ़ी, जिसमें दूध और क्रीम नहीं मिलायी जाती है.)
4. Espresso: a type of strong black coffee made by forcing steam through ground coffee beans. (एक तरह की black strong coffee जोकि पीसे हुए coffee beans के साथ भाप के दबाव से बनायीं जाती है.)
5. Mocha: a flavoring made of a strong coffee infusion or of a mixture of cocoa or chocolate with coffee. (Mocha, कॉफ़ी के साथ cocoa के मिश्रण या chocolate को मिलकर बनायीं जाती है.)
6. Ristretto: a ristretto is an espresso shot that is extracted with the same amount of coffee but half the amount of water. (एक प्रकार का espresso shot जिसमें coffee की आधी मात्रा में पानी मिलाया जाता है)
7. Americano: a drink of espresso coffee diluted with hot water. (एक प्रकार की espresso coffee जिसमें गर्म पानी मिला कर पतला किया जाता है.)
8. Macchiato: a drink of espresso coffee with a dash of frothy steamed milk. (एक प्रकार की espresso coffee जिसमें थोड़ा झागदार steamed milk होता है.)
Body noises and sounds:
1. Snore - खर्राटें लेना
2. Burp - डकार लेना
3. Snort - नाक के माध्यम से तेजी से सांस लेना, खासकर यह दिखाने के लिए कि आप नाराज हैं
4. Hiccup - हिचकी
5. Belch - पेट से गैस निकालना
6. Snuffle - तेजी से नाक से सांस लेना (जुक़ाम के समय)
7. Yawn - उबासी लेना
8. Sigh - लम्बी सांस भरना
9. Pant - हांफना
10. Slurp - खाने या पीने के दौरान चूसने की आवाज़
11. Sniff - सूंघना
12. Fart - पादना
13. Growl (tummy) - पेट की गुड़गुड़ाहट
10 Sound words:
1. Buzz - एक धीमी लगातार आवाज़ जैसे मधुमक्खी भिनभिनाती है
2. Flutter - फड़फड़ाहट
3. Honk - गाड़ी के हॉर्न की आवाज
4. Hiccup - हिचकी
5. Clang - दो चीज़ों के टकराने की आवाज़
6. Gurgle - बोतल से पानी के बाहर गिरने पर निकली आवाज़
7. Giggle - दबी हुई हँसी
8. Whir - पंखे से निकलने वाली आवाज़
9. Rumble - गड़गड़ाहट
10. Vroom - एक इंजन या बाइक की गर्जन ध्वनि
Types of Tenses:
1. Present Simple - is used to tell about your daily routines. (दैनिक दिनचर्या के बारे में बताने के लिए यह उपयोग किया जाता है।)
Eg: I work.
2. Present Continuous - is used to indicate that something is happening at the time of speaking. (यह इंगित करता है कि वक्ता के बोलने के समय वह कार्य हो रहा है।)
Eg: I am working.
3. Present Perfect - indicates either that an action was completed at some point in the past or that the action extends to the present.
Eg: I have finished the work.
4. Present Perfect Continuous - indicates that something started in the past and continues in the present. (यह दर्शाता है कि कुछ अतीत में शुरू हुआ और वर्तमान में जारी है)
Eg: I have been working since morning.
5. Past Simple - is used to talk about something that started and finished at a definite time in the past.
Eg: I worked yesterday.
6. Past Continuous - is used to talk about something that was happening around a particular time in the past. (इसका प्रयोग अक्सर उन कामों के लिए होता है जो भूतकाल में लम्बे समय तक हुए हों)
Eg: I was working on Sunday.
7. Past Perfect - indicates that an action was completed at some point in the past before something else happened.
Eg: He had left for school the moment I reached there.
8. Past Perfect Continuous - indicates a continuous action that was completed at some point in the past.(एक निरंतर हुए कार्य को दर्शाता है जो कि अतीत में कुछ बिंदु पर पूरा हो गया।)
Eg: I had been working at the company for five years when I moved to London.
9. Future Simple - indicates that an action will happen in the future.
Eg: I will work tomorrow.
10. Future Continuous - indicates that something will occur in the future and continue for an expected length of time.
Eg: I will be working tomorrow.
11. Future Perfect - is used to talk about actions that will be finished before some point in the future or to express situations that will last for a specified period of time at a definite moment in the future. The last use is to express certainty that an action was completed.
Eg: I would have finished the work, before you get there.
12. Future Perfect Continuous - indicates actions that will continue up until a point in the future.
Eg: In November, I will have been working at my company for three years.
Words to improve your vocabulary and make you sound smart:
Elucidate - स्पष्ट करना (to make (something) clear; explain.)
Abhor - घृणा करना (to regard with disgust and hatred)
Appease - खुश करना (to pacify or placate (someone) by acceding to their demands.)
Cajole - बहलाना/फुसलाना (persuade someone to do something by sustained coaxing or flattery.)
Elated - उत्साहित (extremely happy and excited, often because something has happened or been achieved)
Scintillating - कुछ आकर्षक या बहुत चालाक (something fascinating or brilliantly clever)
Quintessential - एक विशिष्ट व्यक्ति या विशेषता का एक विशिष्ट उदाहरण (a typical example of a particular person or characteristic)
Flabbergasted - आश्चर्यचकित (shocked by the unexpected)
Impeccable - त्रुटिहीन (perfect, with no problems or errors or bad parts)
Inept - अयोग्य (not skilled or effective, clumsy)
Types of Modal Verb:
1. Can - It can be used to express ability(क्षमता) or opportunity(अवसर), to request (निवेदन) or offer permission(अनुमति), and to show possibility (संभावना) or impossibility(असंभावना).
Eg: I can ride a horse.
You can't stay out in night.
Can I take that pen?
2. Could - is used to express possibility (संभावना) or past ability (क्षमता) as well as to make suggestions (सुझाव) and requests(निवेदन).
Eg: Extreme rain could cause the river to flood the city.
Could you please open the windows?
I could run ten miles in my twenties.
3. May - is most commonly used to express possibility(संभावना). It can also be used to give or request permission(अनुमति), although this usage is becoming less common.
Eg: Jack may be coming to see us tomorrow.
You may use my phone to make calls.
May I use your bathroom?
4. Might - is used to suggest a small possibility (संभावना) of something.
Eg: He might vote.
5. Must - is used to express necessity (आवश्यकता) or certainty or strong recommendation (सिफ़ारिश).
Eg: You must have breakfast everyday.
This must be the right address!
6. Should - is most commonly used to make recommendations (सिफ़ारिश) or give advice (सलाह). It can also be used to express obligation (कर्तव्य) as well as expectation (उम्मीद).
Eg: Eg: He should be more thoughtful.
I should be at work before 9:00.
Jack should be in New York by now.
7. Have to - is used to express obligation(कर्तव्य) . It shows us that the obligation (कर्तव्य) comes from somebody else.
Eg: I have to arrive at work at 9 sharp. My boss is very strict.
Sections in Résumé:
1. Header - It usually contains your name, phone number, and e-mail ID. (इसमें आमतौर पर आपका नाम, फ़ोन नंबर और e-mail ID होता है.)
2. Profile summary - This includes a brief summary on your professional profile, qualifications, and skills; and/or your career objective. (इसमें आपकी professional profile, qualifications, skills और career objective का संक्षिप्त विवरण होता है.)
3. Professional experience - All the details highlighting your primary role(s) and achievements in your previous organization(s). Write in reverse chronological order, job title, organisation and dates (only month and year necessary). (इसमें आपके पिछली संस्था (संगठनों) में आपकी प्राथमिक भूमिका और उपलब्धियों के बारे में गया होता है. इसमें वर्तमान के कार्य अनुभव का वर्णन सबसे पहले होता है और अंत में सबसे पुराने का.
4. Academic details - This includes your educational qualifications. It includes - degree, college and schooling details. Write in reverse chronological order, the institutions where you studied, when you studied and outcomes. (इसमें आपकी शैक्षिक योग्यताएं, डिग्री, कॉलेज और स्कूली शिक्षा का विवरण शामिल हैं)
5. Extra curricular activities - This section includes your non academic achievements (or significant participation) in fields such as sports, art, etc. (इस भाग में खेल, कला, आदि जैसे क्षेत्रों में आपकी उपलब्धियों (या महत्वपूर्ण भागीदारी) का वर्णन होता है.)
6. Social engagements - This section includes any significant social work done for an NGO/Not for profit organization. (इस भाग में आपके किसी भी NGO/Not for profit organization के लिए किए गए महत्वपूर्ण सामाजिक कार्य का संक्षिप्त विवरण होता है.)
7. Personal details - This includes your 'Date of Birth' and address. (इसमें आपकी 'जन्म तिथि' और पता शामिल होता है.)
If there are crucial things which take up most of the space in your résumé, then you could choose to avoid the following sections:
i) Extra curricular activities
ii) Personal details (in which case, the header must list your name, phone number, and e-mail ID)
छात्रों द्वारा की गई सबसे आम अंग्रेज़ी गलतियां:
1. She's married to a dentist. (Correct)
She's married with a dentist. (Incorrect)
2. I enjoyed the movie. (Correct)
I enjoyed from the movie. (Incorrect)
3. I look forward to meeting you. (Correct)
I look forward to meet you. (Incorrect)
4. When I arrive, I'll call you. (Correct)
When I'll arrive, I'll call you. (Incorrect)
5. I have been there for three months. (Correct)
I have been there since three months. (Incorrect)
6. She doesn't listen to me. (Correct)
She doesn't listen me. (Incorrect)
7. You speak English well. (Correct)
You speak English good. (Incorrect)
8. The house isn't big enough. (Correct)
The house isn't enough big. (Incorrect)
9. I didn't meet anybody. (Correct)
I didn't meet nobody. (Incorrect)
10. You are very nice, like your mother. (Correct)
You are very nice, as your mother. (Incorrect)
11. If I am in London, I will contact you. (Correct)
If I will be in London, I will contact to you. (Incorrect)
The 12 Verbs Tenses:
1. Simple Past - Past form of the verb is used in this tense.
St. : Subject V2 Object
Eg: I ate a pizza yesterday.
2. Simple Present - Present form of the verb is used in this tense.
Structure: Subject V Object
Eg: I eat pizza on Sundays.
3. Simple Future - 'Will' is used With verb in this tense. इसमें क्रिया के साथ 'will' का इस्तेमाल होता है.
Structure: Subject will V Object
Eg: I will eat pizza Tomorrow.
4. Past Continuous - 'Ing' form of the verb is used with 'was/were' to indicate Past Continuous. इसमें क्रिया के 'ing' form के साथ 'was/were' का इस्तेमाल होता है.
Structure: Subject was/were (V ing) Object
Eg: I was eating pizza yesterday.
5. Present Continuous - 'Ing' form of the verb is used with 'is/am/are' to indicate Present Continuous.
Structure: Subject is/am/are (V ing) Object
Eg: I am eating pizza right now.
6. Future Continuous - 'Ing' form of the verb is used with 'will be' to indicate Future Continuous.
Structure: Subject 'will be' (V ing) Object
Eg: I will be eating pizza when you arrive.
7. Past Perfect - Past participle of the verb is used with 'had' in Past Perfect. (इसमें क्रिया के 'past participle' के साथ 'had' का इस्तेमाल होता है.)
Structure: Subject had past participle Object
Eg: I had eaten pizza when you arrived.
8. Present Perfect - Past participle of the verb is used with 'has/have' in Present Perfect.
Structure: Subject has/have past participle Object
Eg: I have eaten all the pizza.
9. Future Perfect - Past participle of the verb is used with 'will have' in Future Perfect.(इसमें क्रिया के 'past participle' के साथ 'will have' का इस्तेमाल होता है.)
Structure: Subject will have past participle Object
Eg: I will have eaten all the pizza by the time you arrive.
10. Past Perfect Continuous - 'Ing' form of the verb is used with 'had been' to indicate Past Perfect Continuous.(इसमें क्रिया के 'ing' form के साथ 'had been' का इस्तेमाल होता है.)
Structure: Subject had been (V ing) Object
Eg: I had been eating pizza for 2 hours when you arrived.
11. Present Perfect Continuous - 'Ing' form of the verb is used with 'has/have been' to indicate Present Perfect Continuous.
Structure: Subject 'has/have been' (V ing) Object
Eg: I have been eating pizza since morning.
12. Future Perfect Continuous - 'Ing' form of the verb is used with 'will have been' to indicate Future Perfect Continuous.
Structure: Subject will have been (v ing) Object
Eg: I will have been eating pizza for 4 hours when you arrive.
1. Period (.) - is used in the end of the sentence. However we put a period at the end of an indirect question.
Period (.) चिन्ह का प्रयोग वाक्य के अंत में किया जाता है. इसका प्रयोग हम indirect question के अंत में भी करते हैं
Eg: Rome is the capital of Italy.
2. Question Mark (?) - We use question marks to make clear that what is said is a question. When we use a question mark, we do not use a full stop.
Question Mark (?) का प्रयोग हम तब करते हैं जब कोई प्रश्न पूछा जा रहा हो.
Eg: Why do they make so many mistakes?
3. Quotation Mark (" ") - are a pair of punctuation marks used primarily to mark the beginning and end of a passage attributed to another and repeated word for word. They are also used to indicate meanings and to indicate the unusual or dubious status of a word.
Eg: "Don't go outside," she said.
Single quotation marks (') are used most frequently for quotes within quotes.
Eg: Marie told the teacher, "I saw Marc at the playground, and he said to me 'Bill started the fight,' and I believed him."
4. Exclamation Point (!) - We use exclamation marks to indicate an exclamative clause or expression in informal writing. When we want to emphasise something in informal writing, we sometimes use more than one exclamation mark: विस्मयादिबोधक चिह्न का उपयोग हम तब करतें हैं जब, हम अनौपचारिक लेखन में किसी चीज़ पर ज़ोर डालना चाहते हैं.
Eg: Listen!
Oh no!!! Please don’t ask me to phone her. She’ll talk for hours!!!
5. Comma - We put a comma (,) between items in a list. We often put a comma before 'or' , 'and' or 'but' when we add a clause.
Eg: It’s important to write in clear, simple, accurate words.
6. Colon (:) - is used to introduce lists, to indicate a subtitle or to indicate a subdivision of a topic, to introduce direct speech, and between sentences when the second sentence explains or justifies the first sentence.
Eg: There are three main reasons for the success of the government: economic, social and political.
7. Semi-colon (;) - We use semi-colons to separate two main clauses. In such cases, the clauses are related in meaning but are separated grammatically.
Eg: Spanish is spoken throughout South America; in Brazil the main language is Portuguese.
8. Parentheses () - Parentheses ( ( ) ) are curved notations used to contain further thoughts or qualifying remarks. However, parentheses can be replaced by commas without changing the meaning in most cases. Don't know the hindi
Eg: John and Jane (who were actually half brother and sister) both have red hair.
9. Hyphen - A hyphen is used to join two or more words together into a compound term and is not separated by spaces. For example, part-time, back-to-back, well-known.
Why do we use this and these? = हम this और these का उपयोग क्यों करते हैं?
We use this (singular) and these (plural) as demonstrative pronouns: = हम this (एकवचन) और these (बहुवचन) का प्रयोग demonstrative pronouns के रूप में करते हैं:
1. To talk about people or things near us: लोगों या हमारे पास की चीज़ो के बारे में बात करने के लिए:
Example: This is a nice cup of tea.
Whose shoes are these?
2. To introduce people: लोगों का परिचय देने के लिए
Example: This is Janet.
These are my friends, John and Michael.
WARNING:
We don’t say These are John and Michael.
We say This is John and this is Michael.
- to introduce ourselves to begin a conversation on the phone: फोन पर बातचीत शुरू करने के लिए खुद का परिचय देने के लिए:
Hello, this is David, Can I speak to Sally?
Why do we use that and those? - We use that (singular) and those (plural): हम that (singular) और those (plural) का उपयोग क्यों करते हैं?
- to talk about things that are not near us: उन चीज़ो के बारे में बात करने के लिए जो हमारे पास नहीं हैं.
What’s that?
This is our house, and that’s Rebecca’s house over there.
Those are very expensive shoes.
- We also use 'that' to refer back to something someone said or did:
Examples:
- Shall we go to the cinema?
- Yes, that’s a good idea.
- I’ve got a new job.
- That’s great.
- I’m very tired.
- Why is that?
Use of this, these, that, those with nouns: This, these, that, those का प्रयोग संज्ञा के साथ किया जाता है.
You can also use demonstratives before a noun. These are called 'demonstrative adjectives'. जिन demonstratives का प्रयोग संज्ञा के पहले किया जाता है उन्हें demonstrative adjectives कहा जाता है
The Demonstrative Adjective needs to agree (= be the same form) as the noun.
Examples of demonstrative adjectives:Demonstrative adjectives के उदाहरण
This party is boring. (singular)
That city is busy. (singular)
These chocolates are delicious. (plural)
Those flowers are beautiful. (plural)
We also use this, these, that and those with nouns to show proximity
We use 'this' and 'these' for people or things near us:
Examples:
We have lived in this house for twenty years.
Have you read all of these books?
We use 'that' and 'those' for people or things that are not near us:
Examples:
Who lives in that house?
Who are those people?
1. Emerald - पन्ना, green in colour
2. Ruby - माणिक, red in colour
3. Topaz - पुखराज, yellow in colour
4. Diamond - हीरा, colourless stone
5. Amber - त्रिणमणि, orange in colour
6. Sapphire - नीलम, blue in colour
7. Amethyst - जामुनी मणी, purple in colour
8. Onyx - गोमेद, black in colour
9. Jade - हरिताश्म पत्थर, dark green in colour
10. Pearl - मोती
Parts of a tree:
1. Twig - टहनी - a small branch or division of a branch.
2. Branch - डाल - a division of a stem, or secondary stem arising from the main stem of a plant.
3. Limb - शाखा - any of the main branches arising from the trunk or a bough of a tree.
4. Trunk - तना - the main stem of a tree, usually covered with bark.
5. Roots - जड़ें - the part of a plant which attaches it to the ground or to a support, typically underground, conveying water and nourishment to the rest of the plant via numerous branches and fibres.
6. Leaves - पत्तियां - the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants.
7. Crown - पेड़ के ऊपर का हिस्सा जिसमें पत्तियां और टहनियाँ होती है - consists of the leaves and branches at the top of a tree.
8. Fruit - फल - the sweet and fleshy product of a tree or other plant that contains seed and can be eaten as food.
9. Taproot - मुख्य जड़ - main root of a plant growing straight downward from the stem.
10. Cambium - पेड़ की बाहरी छाल के नीचे का खानेदार तंतु - a cellular plant tissue from which phloem, xylem, or cork grows by division, resulting (in woody plants) in secondary thickening.
11. Pith - पौधों के डंठल के अंदर का मुलायम हिस्सा - the spongy white tissue lining the rind of oranges, lemons, and other citrus fruits.
12. Heartwood - the dense inner part of a tree trunk, yielding the hardest timber.
13. Bark - वृक्ष की छाल - tough protective covering of the woody stems and roots of trees and other woody plants.
14. Sapwood - रसदार लकड़ी - newly formed outer wood lying between the cambium and the heartwood of a tree or woody plant.
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE
1. We use the present continuous for things that are happening at the moment of speaking. These things usually last for quite a short time and they are not finished when we are talking about them. (जब कोई चीज़ बोलने के समय हो रही हो. यह चीज़ें अक्सर कम समय के लिए होती हैं और हमारे बात करते समय वे पूरी नहीं होती.)
a. I'm working at the moment.
2. We can also use this tense for other kinds of temporary situations, even if the action isn't happening at this moment. (अस्थायी स्तिथियों के लिए भी इस काल का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है, यदि कार्य इस समय न हो रहा हो तो भी.)
a. John's working in a bar until he finds a job in his field. (He might not be working now.)
इसकी सामान्य वर्तमान काल से तुलना करें, जोकि सताई स्तिथियों के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाता है जो हमें लगता है लम्बे समय तक चलेंगी.
a. I work in a school. (I think this is a permanent situation.)
b. I'm working in a school. (I think this is a temporary situation.)
3. We can use the present continuous for temporary or new habits (for normal habits that continue for a long time, we use the present simple). We often use this with expressions like 'these days' or 'at the moment'. (Present continuous tense अस्थायी या नयी आदतों के लिए भी इस्तेमाल किया जाता है.)
a. He's eating a lot these days.
b. She's swimming every morning (she didn't use to do this).
4. Another present continuous use is for habits that are not regular, but that happen very often. In this case we usually use an adverb like 'always', 'forever' or 'constantly'. Often, we use the present continuous in this way to talk about an annoying habit. (वे आदतें जोकि नियमित तौर पर नहीं होती मगर अक्सर होती है.)
a. You're forever losing your keys!
b. She's constantly missing the train.
Future Uses
5. For definite future arrangements. In this case we have already made a plan and we are pretty sure that the event will happen in the future. (जब हमने कोई प्लान बनाया हो और हमें पता हो कि वह भविष्य में होगा ही.)
a. I'm meeting my father tomorrow.
Present Progressive Tense examples:
1. Sam and Jack are fishing off the pier.
2. He is hiding
3. They are hugging
4. He is jumping
5. Zara is playing
When to use Adverbs of Frequency (आवृत्ति का क्रिया विशेषण):
a. Always use adverbs of frequency to discuss how often something happens. (Adverbs of frequency हम तब इस्तेमाल करते हैं जब हमें बताना हो कोई चीज़ कितनी बार होती है)
b. Adverbs of frequency are often used to indicate routine or repeated activities, so they are often used with the present simple tense. (नियमित रूप से होने वाली क्रिया का संकेत देने के लिए adverbs of frequency का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है, इनका इस्तेमाल अक्सर सामान्य वर्तमान काल के साथ किया जाता है)
c. If a sentence has only one verb, place the adverb of frequency in the middle of the sentence so that it is positioned after the subject but before the verb. (यदि किसी वाक्य में एक ही क्रिया हो तो adverb of frequency को वाक्य के बीच में रखा जाता है ताकि वह वषय के बाद आये लेकिन क्रिया के पहले)
For example: Tom never flies. He always takes the bus.
d. When a sentence contains more than one verb, place the adverb of frequency before the main verb. (जब किसी वाक्य में एक से ज़्यादा क्रिया हो तो मुख्य क्रिया के पहले adverb of frequency को रखा जाता है)
For example: They have often visited Europe.
e. When using an adverb of frequency in the negative or in forming a question, place it before the main verb. (जब नकारात्मक वाक्य या सवाल पूछ रहे हों तब adverb of frequency मुख्य क्रिया के पहले आता है.)
For example: Do you usually get up so late?
Adverbs of Frequency:
1. Always: हमेशा
E.g. Jack and I are always fighting.
2. Usually: अक्सर
E.g. I am usually on time.
3. Normally: आम तौर पर
E.g. What time do you normally get up?
4. Frequently: अक्सर
E.g. How frequently do you exercise?
5. Often: अक्सर
E.g. We often go to watch plays.
6. Sometimes: कभी-कभी
E.g. Sometimes I go to play football with my friends.
7. Occasionally: कभी-कभी
E.g. I occasionally watch Hollywood movies.
8. Seldom: शायद ही कभी
E.g. We seldom travel.
9. Rarely: कभी कभार
E.g. I rarely eat sea food.
10. Never: कभी नहीं
E.g. I never go to the museum.
Dressing up for an interview:
When you have to give an interview, dressing properly is of utmost importance because technically speaking - your interview starts the moment you enter the room. The panel will judge you by the clothes you are wearing; if you dress too casually, they will feel that you are not sincere enough.
Tips for dressing right:
1. Clothing should be neat, clean, and well ironed.
2. Wear deodorant. However, don't wear too much perfume.
3. Make sure that you have fresh breath. Brush your teeth before you leave for the interview. Don't smoke right before an interview or the stench will continue to follow you around. Never enter the interview room while chewing gum.
4. Your hair should be neat, clean, well set.
5. Your nails should be neatly trimmed. For women, if you plan to wear nail polish, wear a neutral colour, and avoid very long nails.
6. Your shoes should be polished.
7. Carry a portfolio or briefcase to hold all your documents.
8. Conceal your tattoos with clothing or make up.
9. For men, either go clean shaven or if you have a beard, trim it properly.
What to wear - For Men:
1. Wear a Suit (solid color - navy or dark grey): A coat, shirt, and trousers. Avoid wearing jeans.
2. Long sleeve shirt, neatly tucked in (white or coordinated with the suit).
3. Sober Belt.
4. A tie that is not flashy.
5. Dark socks, with conservative leather shoes (ideally lace-up).
6. No jewelry.
What to wear - For Women (Western wear):
1. Generally, you should wear a suit with a skirt or pants. Knee-length skirts are suggested. When in doubt, pick the more conservative route.
2. Interview suits should be simple and dark in color.
3. Wear a conservative shirt/blouse with your suit. Do not wear bright colors, animal prints, or anything lacy, sheer, or low-cut.
4. Make-up and nail polish should be understated; shades that are neutral to your skin tone are generally advisable. Avoid bright or unusual colors or very long nails.
5. Keep your jewelry and hair accessories to a minimum, and stick to those that are not flashy, distracting, or shiny. One ring per hand is best, if necessary.
6. Shoes should be conservative and fairly low-heeled, while closed shoes are ideal. They should be in a reasonably good condition, not scuffed or run-down at the heels.
What to wear - For Women (Indian wear):
1. If you are wearing an Indian outfit, choose a simple saree or salwar kameez. Pick colours that are light. Dupattas or saree pallus should be pleated and pinned neatly.
2. Avoid elaborate Indian outfits, and go very low on the bling.
3. Jewellery should be kept to a minimum – a simple bracelet and small earrings.
4. Hair should be tied neatly and makeup should be minimal as well.
Let's see how tenses change from Direct to Indirect speech:
आइये देखते हैं डायरेक्ट से इंदिरेक्ट स्पीच में काल कैसे बदलता है:
Rules - Direct Speech to Indirect Speech
Simple Present Changes To Simple Past
E.g. "I always drink coffee", she said - She said that she always drank coffee.
Present Continuous Changes To Past Continuous
E.g. "I am reading a book", he explained. - He explained that he was reading a book.
Present Perfect Changes To Past Perfect
E.g. She said, "He has finished his work" - She said that he had finished his work.
Present Perfect Continuous Changes To Past Perfect Continuous
E.g. "I have been to Spain", he told me. - He told me that he had been to Spain.
Simple Past Changes To Past Perfect
E.g. "Bill arrived on Saturday", he said. - He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday
Past Perfect Changes To Past Perfect (No Change In Tense)
E.g. "I had just turned out the light," he explained. - He explained that he had just turned out the light.
Past Continuous Changes To Past Perfect Continuous
E.g. "We were living in Paris", they told me. - They told me that they had been living in Paris.
Future Changes To Present Conditional
E.g. "I will be in Geneva on Monday", he said - He said that he would be in Geneva on Monday.
Future Continuous Changes To Conditional Continuous
E.g. She said, "I'll be using the car next Friday." - She said that she would be using the car next Friday.
Direct - Indirect: आइये देखते हैं direct से indirect में शब्द कैसे बदलते हैं:
1. Will - Would
2. Can - Could
3. Must - Had to
4. Am/Are/Is going to - Was/Were going to
5. Mustn't - Mustn't
6. Could - Could
7. Would - Would
8. Should - Should
9. Might - Might
10. Today - That day
11. Tomorrow - The next day
12. Next day - The following day
13. Now - Then
14. Yesterday - The day before
15. Last week - The week before
Collective Nouns
Collective nouns are nouns which stand for a group or collection of people or things. They include words such as audience, committee, police, crew, family, government, group, and team.
1. A litter of kittens - बिल्ली के बच्चों का समूह
2. A flock of birds/sheep - पक्षियों/भेड़ों का समूह
3. A hive/swarm of bees - मधुमखियों का समूह
4. A shoal of fish - मछलियों का समूह
5. A pride of lions - शेरों का समूह
6. A colony of ants - चीटियों का समूह
7. A herd of deer - हिरणों का समूह
8. A brood of hens - मुर्गों का समूह
9. A pride of peacocks - मोरों का समूह
10. A murder of crows - कौवों का समूह
11. A pack of wolves - भेड़ियों का समूह
12. A team of horses - घोड़ों का समूह
Active vs. Passive Voice
Active Voice tells what a person or thing does. - कोई इंसान और चीज़ क्या करता/करती है.
Passive Voice tells what is done to someone or something. - किसी को या किसी चीज़ को क्या किया गया है/ हुआ है
Let us look at tenses in Active and Passive voice. आइये देखते हैं Active और Passive Voice में काल कैसे बदलता है.
Look at the sentences in this manner: Active - Passive
PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
The teacher punishes me. - I am punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक मुझे दंड देता है. - मैं अध्यापक द्वारा दण्डित किया जाता हूँ.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
The teacher is punishing me. - I am being punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक मुझे दंड दे रहा है. - मुझे अध्यापक द्वारा दण्डित किया जा रहा हूँ.
The teacher is punishing the boy. - The boy is being punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक लड़के को दंड दे रहा है. - लड़के को अध्यापक द्वारा दण्डित किया जा रहा है.
The teacher is punishing the boys. - The boys are being punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक लड़कों को दंड दे रहा है.- लड़के अध्यापक द्वारा दण्डित किये जा रहे हैं.
PAST SIMPLE
The teacher punished me. - I was punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक ने मुझे दण्ड दिया था. - मैं अध्यापक द्वारा दण्डित किया गया था.
The teacher punished the boys. - The boys were punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक ने लड़कों को दंड दिया था - लड़कों को अध्यापक द्वारा दंड दिया गया था.
PAST CONTINUOUS
The teacher was punishing me. - I was being punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक मुझे दंड दे रहे थे. - मुझे अध्यापक द्वारद दंड दिया जा रहा था.
The teacher was punishing the boys. - The boys were being punished by the teacher.
अध्यापक लड़कों को दंड दे रहा था. - लड़के अध्यापक द्वारा दण्डित किये जा रहे थे.
An Oxymoron is a combination of two opposites used to form a striking image.
1. Clearly confused - स्पष्ट रूप से अस्पष्ट
2. Only choice - इकलौता विकल्प
3. Pretty ugly - काफी बदसूरत
4. Minor crisis - छोटा संकट
5. Seriously funny - सच में मज़ाकिया
6. Act naturally - स्वाभाविक रूप से नाटक करना
7. Known secret - जाना हुआ रहस्य
8. Confirmed rumour - पक्की अफवाह
Conjunction: a word that joins together sentences, clauses, phrases, or words.
1. For - क्योंकि
We sometimes use for as a conjunction meaning ‘because’. We use it in very formal, and often literary, contexts:
E.g. Chasing the white stag through the forests, never catching it, of course, for it is a creature of legend.
2. And - और
Used to connect words of the same part of speech, clauses, or sentences, that are to be taken jointly.
E.g. Bread and butter.
3. Nor - और न
Used before the second or further of two or more alternatives (the first being introduced by a negative such as ‘neither’ or ‘not’) to indicate that they are each untrue or each do not happen.
E.g. They were neither cheap nor convenient.
4. But - लेकिन
Used to introduce a phrase or clause contrasting with what has already been mentioned.
E.g. He stumbled but didn't fall.
5. Or - या
Used to link alternatives.
E.g. A cup of tea or coffee.
6. Yet - फिर भी
But at the same time; but nevertheless.
E.g. The path was dark, yet I slowly found my way.
7. So - इसलिये
And for this reason; therefore.
E.g. It was still painful so I went to see a specialist.
Commonly Misused words:
1. Affect (प्रभाव डालना) - Effect (परिणाम)
have an effect on; make a difference to. - cause (something) to happen; bring about.
2. May (संभवतः,आज्ञा पाना) - Might (हो सकना)
expressing possibility; used to ask for or to give permission - used to tentatively ask permission or express a polite request.
3. Few (बहुत कम) - Less (कमतर)
a small number of - a smaller amount of; not as much.
4. Cite (उल्लेख करना) - Site (स्थान)
refer to (a passage, book, or author) as evidence for or justification of an argument or statement, especially in a scholarly work. - an area of ground on which a town, building, or monument is constructed.
5. Among - Between
(से घिरा) - (के बीच में)
situated more or less centrally in relation to (several other things). - at, into, or across the space separating (two objects or regions).
6. Accept - Except
(स्वीकार करना) - (के सिवा)
consent to receive or undertake (something offered). - not including; other than.
7. Figuratively - Literally
(लाक्षणिक रूप से) - (यथाशब्द)
used to indicate a departure from a literal use of words; metaphorically. - in a literal manner or sense; exactly.
8. Farther - Further
(अधिक दूर) - (और अधिक)
at, to, or by a great distance (used to indicate the extent to which one thing is distant from another). - at, to, or by a greater distance (used to indicate the extent to which one thing or person is or becomes distant from another).
9. Alternate - Alternative
(हर दूसरा) - (दो में से कोई एक)
every other; every second. - (of one or more things) available as another possibility or choice.
Male-Female-Young Animals:
1. Tom - Queen - Kitten
बिल्ला - बिल्ली - बिल्ली का बच्चा
2. Dog - Bitch - Puppies
कुत्ता - कुतिया - कुत्ते का बच्चा
3. Rooster - Hen - Chick
मुर्गा - मुर्गी - मुर्गी का बच्चा
4. Drake - Duck - Ducklings
नर बत्तख - बतख़ - बतख का बच्चा
5. Bull - Cow - Calf
बैल - गाय - बछड़ा
6. Deer - Doe - Fawn
हिरण - हिरणी - हिरण का बच्चा
7. Stallion - Mare - Foal
नर घोड़ा - घोड़ी - घोड़े का बच्चा
8. Ram - Ewe - Lamb
भेड़ा - भेड़ी - मेमना
9. Tiger - Tigress - Tiger cub
बाघ - बाघिन - बाघ का बच्चा
10. Lion - Lioness - Lion cub
सिंह - सिंहनी - सिंह का बच्चा
Countable vs. Uncountable Nouns:
Countable
1. Bun - छोटी मीठी ब्रेड
2. Sandwich - सैंडविच
3. Burger - बर्गर
4. Fries - चिप्स
5. Eggs - अंडे
6. Salad - सलाद
7. Vegetables - सब्ज़ियां
8. Cookies - कुकीज़
9. Apple - सेब
10. Orange - नारंगी
11. Potatoes - आलू
12. Peanuts - मूंगफली
Uncountable
1. Bread - ब्रैड
2. Fruit - फल
3. Juice - जूस
4. Rice - चावल
5. Cereal - अनाज
6. Jam - जैम
7. Coffee - कॉफ़ी
8. Sugar - चीनी
9. Soup - सूप
10. Salt - नमक
11. Tea - चाय
12. Milk - दूध
How '-ing' verbs are made:
1. y ing = ying
play = playing
fly = flying
study = studying
2. e = (drop the e) ing
If the verb ends in an E we remove the E and add ING.
dance - dancing
fake = faking
rhyme = rhyming
3. ee ing = eeing
see = seeing
flee = fleeing
agree = agreeing
4. ie = ie (drop the ie) ing
If the verb ends in IE we change it to YING.
die = dying
lie = lying
tie = tying
5. c/v/c* = double final c ing
If the verb ends in a consonant vowel consonant, we double the final consonant and add ING.
run = running
put = putting
stop = stopping
6. If a two-syllable verb ends in a consonant vowel consonant, we do not double the final consonant when the stress is on the first syllable.
Infinitive - ING form
to happen - happening
to enter - entering
to offer - offering
to suffer - suffering
7. We do not double the final consonant when the verb ends in W, X or Y or when the final syllable is not emphasized.
Infinitive - ING form
to fix - fixing
to enjoy - enjoying
to snow - snowing
8. If the verb ends in a stressed vowel R, we double the final R and add ING.
Infinitive - ING form
refer - referring
defer - deferring
9. If the verb ends in an unstressed vowel R, we do not double the final R and add ING.
Infinitive - ING form
to offer - offering
to suffer - suffering
to whisper - whispering
Prepositions - at, in, on
AT का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है:
Specific time (निर्धारित समय) - I wake up at 7 o'clock.
She returned home at midnight.
Holiday period (छुट्टी का समय) - Everyone seems happy at Christmas.
ON
Days of the week (हफ्ते के दिन)- We will visit you on Wednesdays.
Specific days (निर्धारित दिन) - I return to my country on the 27th.
Dates (तारीख) - We get together on Christmas Day.
IN
Months (महीने) - My birthday is in January.
Years (साल) - America was discovered in 1492.
Seasons (मौसम) - I always go to the beach in summer.
Length of time (समय सीमा) - It will be ready in 20 minutes.
Centuries (शताबदी) - Life was different in the 15th century.
Parts of the day
IN the morning (सुबह में) - I go to the gym in the morning.
IN the afternoon (दिन में) - I often feel tired in the afternoon.
IN the evening (शाम में) - I study English in the evening.
AT the night (रात को) - I like to read in bed at night.
On Day Part of the day
- We will have a party on Friday night.
- Our flight leaves on Monday morning.
7 WhatsApp Christmas Wishes:
1. Wishing you and your family a Merry Christmas! May this joyful season greet you with health and happiness in abundance. (आपको और आपके परिवार को Merry Christmas! यह आनंदपूर्ण वक्त आपको सेहत और खुशियां दे)
2. May this Christmas bring you love, peace and joy. Enjoy the happy cheer. (यह क्रिसमस आपको प्यार, शांति और ख़ुशी दे. अच्छे समय का मज़ा लें.)
3. May your days always be bright and merry. Merry Christmas! (आपके दिन हमेशा उज्जवल और खुशहाल रहे. Merry Christmas!)
4. May this holiday season sparkle and shine, may all of your wishes and dreams come true, and may you feel this happiness all year round. (इस वक्त में आपकी सारी मनोकामनाएं और सपने पूरे हों, और यह ख़ुशी आप पूरे साल महसूस करते रहे.)
5. Wish you and your family a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! (आपको और आपके परिवार को Merry Christmas और Happy New Year!)
6. Make every moment of the Holidays a wonderful time by spending it with loved ones. Christmas is best when love is all around you. (एक वक्त के हर पल को अपने क़रीबों लोगों के साथ बिता कर खूबसूरत बनाएं. Christmas सबसे अच्छा होता है जब आपके आस पास प्यार हो.)
7. May the spirit of the Christmas warm your home with love and fun. Have a blessed Christmas! (Christmas आपके घर को प्यार और मस्ती से भर दे. आपका Christmas भाग्यवान रहे!)
9 Christmas Related Words
1. Christmas Carol (क्रिसमस गीत): a religious song or popular hymn that people sing at
2. Holly (एक प्रकार का सदाबहार वृक्ष): an evergreen plant with prickly dark green leaves and red berries
3. Candy cane (एक प्रकार की टॉफ़ी): a cylindrical stick of striped sweet rock with a curved end, resembling a walking stick.
4. Mistletoe (एक प्रकार की बेल): a parasitic plant with white berries, traditionally used as a Christmas decoration
5. Tinsel (चमकी): a decoration consisting of thin strips of shiny metal foil, traditionally used at Christmas
6. Sleigh (बर्फ पर चलने की गाड़ी (बिना पहिये की गाड़ी)): a sledge or light cart on runners pulled by horses or reindeer over snow and ice
7. Santa's elves (कल्पित बौने): a creature that lives with Santa Claus in the North Pole and acts as his helper.
8. Egg-nog (फेंटा हुआ अण्डा और शराब को मिलाकर बना पेय): a traditional Christmas drink made of alcohol with beaten eggs and milk
9. Gingerbread (अदरक पड़ी मीठा बिस्कुट): a cake or cookie made with molasses and ginger.
How to say it when you're not feeling well:
To say what's wrong, use the verb "to be" with "well", "sick", or "ill." You can also use "to be" with "feeling" and an adverb to show the problem continues and to explain how bad it is. (यदि आपको कहना है कि कुछ ठीक नहीं है तो आप "to be" क्रिया का इस्तेमाल "well", "sick" या "ill" के साथ कर सकते हैं. आप "to be" क्रिया को "भाव" के साथ लिख सकते हैं यह बताने के लिए की problem कितनी बड़ी है.)
Negative form: नकारात्मक रूप
No, I'm not very well.
Use verb "to be" with present continuous to say the problem is ongoing. (यदि प्रॉब्लम अभी भी चल रही है तो आप कह सकते हैं:)
No, I'm not feeling very well.
Use "don't" and "doesn't" with the base form of "to feel." ("To feel" के साथ "don't" या "doesn't" का इस्तेमाल करें:)
No, I don't feel very well.
In UK English, "I'm feeling sick" or "I feel sick" mean you might vomit. ("I'm feeling sick" या "I feel sick" का मतलब है आपको उल्टी आ सकती है)
No, I'm sick.
"ill" is more often used in UK English. "Sick" is more common in US English. (आम तौर पर UK में "ill" शब्द का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है और US में "sick" शब्द का.
No, I feel ill.
No, I'm feeling ill.
Also,
Use "have" and "has" with "ache," "pain," and "broken" to say what's wrong. You can also say which part of the body "hurts."
E.g. She has a stomachache. (उसके पेट में दर्द है)
Use "have" with "broken."
Use a part of the body with "hurts" to say where the pain is.
E.g. I have a broken foot. My foot hurts. (मेरा पैर टूटा है. मेरे पैर में दर्द हो रहा है.)
Use "in" with "pain" to say where it hurts.
E.g. I have a pain in my head. I have a headache. (मेरे सर में दर्द हो रहा है. मुझे headache है.)
Look at more examples: (कुछ उदाहरण देखिये)
1. Jack's leg hurts.
2. I've got a broken arm.
3. Sam has a pain in her back.
10 Internet सम्बन्धी शब्द (Powered by GoDaddy)
Internet: "the net" is the biggest worldwide communication network of computers. Its most used services are the World Wide Web ("Web") which contains websites, and email.
Internet/net अनगिनत आपस में connected computer network का समूह है जिससे आप एक computer से दूसरे पर information exchange करते हैं
Web browser: an application used to access and view websites. एक application जिससे आप websites तक पहुँच, उनका इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं. E.g. Internet Explorer, Chrome, Firefox
Website: Several web pages on a related subject make a website. Websites can be used to advertise or sell things, to talk to people. E.g. www.facebook.com. Having a website can help customers find your business online.
Information को online देखने के लिए हम websites पर जाते हैं. Website एक लोकेशन है जहाँ information को webpages में store करा जाता है. Website के ज़रिये ग्राहक आपके business तक पहुँचते हैं. इससे उन्हें आपके business पर भरोसा होगा. GoDaddy आपको website बनाने के आसान tools देता है
Webpage: A webpage is what you see in your browser when you're on the internet. It's part of a website, in the form of text and images. Web pages are connected by links. Clicking on a link makes another web page appear. अपने browser पर जानकारी लेने के लिए जब आप type करके click करते हैं, तो खुलने वाले page को web page कहते हैं
Domain name: The name/address of a website in words. Domain name website का एक पता/नाम होता है. E.g www.helloenglish.com. GoDaddy आपको मनपसंद website name (domain name) register करने देता है
Search Engine: A type of website that helps find information on the Internet. एक program जो internet पर साइटों को खोजता है. यह keywords के अनुसार खोजता है. E.g. Google, Bing
Social media: Websites where several users interact and exchange information. Websites जिनके ज़रिये लोग आपस में online बात करते हैं. E.g. Facebook
Blog/weblog: A website that's like a journal. Bloggers (people who write blogs) often write about their opinions and thoughts
E-mail: Electronic mail allows people with an email address (accounts) to send and receive electronic letters. These are like postal letters but delivered much faster
Format: name@emailservice.com. E.g. contact@cuturealley.com
URL: Uniform Resource Locator (or link) is the address of a specific webpage on the Internet. जैसे घर का address होता है, ऐसे ही internet पर मौजूद हर चीज़ का address (पता) होता है: 'URL'. E.g. https://www.google.com
Expressions with TOUCH:
1. Get in touch (with someone) (किसी से सम्बन्ध बनाना): To initiate or establish contact or communication with someone.
E.g. I tried getting in touch with you yesterday, but the office said you were out sick.
2. Lose one's touch (किसी चीज़ को कुशलता से न कर पाना): No longer be able to do or handle something skilfully.
E.g. It seems like Jack's lost his touch with skiing.
3. Keep in touch (किसी से बातचीत जारी रखना जब आप उनसे दूर हों): to continue to talk to or write to someone.
E.g. I've always been trying to keep in touch with schoolmates.
4. Out of touch (जब आप किसी से दूर चले जाएँ और उनसे बातचीत जारी न हों): Not in contact or communicating any longer; not aware of the news or status of someone or something.
E.g. John and I have been out of touch since high school, so I really have no idea what he's up to these days.
5. Soft touch (एक इंसान जो अपनी कोई भी चीज़ आसानी से दे देता है या जो उससे कहा जाए वो आसानी से कर देता है): a person who readily gives or does something if asked.
E.g. Sam is a soft touch. We can always persuade her to baby sit for us.
6. Touch base (किसी से थोड़े समय के लिए बातचीत करना): briefly make or renew contact with someone.
E.g. They are travelling back to New York, where they plan to touch base with relatives.
7. Finishing touch (किसी चीज़ को आखिरी बार देखना और उस पर काम करना ताकि वह पूरी हो जाए): a final detail or action completing and enhancing a piece of work.
E.g. Now they're putting the finishing touches to a new album.
[20/04 08:15] Raj Kumar: 9 New Year Related Words
1. New Year's eve (साल का आखिरी दिन) - the last day of the year; in the modern Western calendar, 31 December.
2. Resolution (संकल्प) - a firm decision to do or not to do something.
3. Stroke of midnight (जब रात के १२ बजते हैं) - When the clock strikes 12
4. Ring in the new year (नए साल की शुरआत का जश्न) - The expression 'ring in the new year' means to celebrate the beginning of the New Year. The expression comes from the tradition of ringing bells around towns on midnight of December 31st.
5. Countdown (उल्टी गिनती) - the period of time before an important or special event
6. Celebration (त्योहार,जशन) - to do something special or enjoyable for an important event, occasion, holiday, etc.
7. Festivities (उत्सव,जशन) - enjoyable activities at the time of a holiday or other special occasion
8. Fire works (आतिशबाज़ी) - a small device that explodes to make a display of light and noise
9. Vow (प्रतिज्ञा करना) - a serious promise to do something or to behave in a certain way
8 New Year Wishes:
1. To put an end to something old, we have to start a thing new; wishing you with a joy-filled year though the words here are few. A very happy new year! (किसी पुरानी चीज़ को ख़त्म करने के लिए कुछ नया शुरू करना पड़ता है. कम शब्दों में आपको उल्हास भरा साल मुबारक.)
2. On this joyous occasion, cherish the memories of the year that has gone by. Happy New Year! (इस उत्साह भरे अवसर पर बीते हुए साल की यादों को संजोइए. नए साल की शुभकामनाएं!)
3. In soft glistening night of stars,
hope all your aspirations come true.
May every star present in the sky,
Bring love and cheer to you.
Happy New Year 2018! (इस चमकती हुई शांत रात में, आपकी सारी मनोकामनाएं पूरी हों. आस्मां में हर सितारा आपको प्यार और उल्हास दे. नए साल 2018 की शुभकामनाएं!)
4. Hope you scatter joy and happiness wherever you go all 365 days of the upcoming year. Happy New Year to you! (आशा है आप आने वाले साल के 365 दिनों में जहाँ भी जाएँ वहाँ हार्श और ख़ुशी बातें. नए साल की शुभकामनाएं!)
5. We are at the ending point of this year. Just thought I should thank everyone who made me smile. You are one of them. Thank you and a very happy new year! (हम इस साल के अंत में हैं. मैंने सोचा मुझे हर उस इंसान का शुक्रिया अदा करना चाहिए जो मेरे चेहरे पर मुस्कान लाया. शुक्रिया और नए साल की शुभकामनाएं!)
6. Have a year as fragrant as roses, as brilliant as the sun, as colorful as the rainbow and as cheerful as the lark. Happy New Year! (आपको मुबारक हो फूलों की तरह महेकता हुआ, इंद्रधनुष की तरह रंगीन, और लार्क पक्षी की तरह चहचहाता हुआ नया साल. नए साल की शुभकामनाएं.)
7. Hold the smile, let the tear go, keep the laugh, lose the pain, look for joy, and abandon the fear. Happy New Year dear!
8. Let this New Year give you all the strength and courage to win over your vices and enhance your virtues.
The foods we eat contain nutrients that provide energy and other substances the body needs.
Food nutrient groups:
1. Vitamin: A vitamin is an organic compound and a vital nutrient that an organism requires in limited amounts.
a. Vitamin A - Vitamin A prevents eye problems, promotes a healthy immune system, is essential for the growth and development of cells, and keeps skin healthy.
Found in: milk, eggs, carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, cantaloupe, apricots, peaches, papayas, and mangos.
b. Vitamin C - It's essential for healthy bones, teeth, gums, and blood vessels. It helps the body absorb iron, aids in wound healing, and contributes to brain function.
Found in: citrus fruits, strawberries, kiwi, guava, peppers, tomatoes, broccoli, and spinach.
c. Vitamin D - Vitamin D strengthens bones because it helps the body absorb bone-building calcium.
This vitamin is unique - your body manufactures it when you get sunlight on your skin!
Found in: egg yolks, oily fish such as salmon, tuna, and sardines, and fortified foods like milk, soy milk, and orange juice.
d. Vitamin E - Vitamin E is an antioxidant and helps protect cells from damage. It is also important for the health of red blood cells.
Found in: vegetable oils, nuts, and green leafy vegetables.
2. Mineral: A chemical substance (such as iron or zinc) that occurs naturally in certain foods and that is important for good health. Calcium is the top mineral
Found in: dairy products, such as milk, cheese, and yogurt.
3. Protein: A substance found in foods (such as meat, milk, eggs, and beans) that is an important part of the human diet.
Found in: Yogurt, cheese, egg, beef.
4. Carbohydrates: They contain hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water (2:1) and typically can be broken down to release energy in the animal body.
Found in: bread, beans, milk, popcorn, potatoes, cookies, spaghetti, soft drinks.
5. Fat: Fats are organic compounds that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They are a source of energy in foods.
Found in: Avocado, Cheese, Dark chocolate, eggs, fish
Interview Phrases and Words:
1. Attentive listener - ध्यान से सुनने वाला
2. Expressive - भाव अचे से व्यक्त करने वाला
3. Lead group discussions - समूह चर्चाओं का मार्गदर्शन करना
4. Confident speaker - आत्मविश्वास से बात करना
5. Punctual - समय का पाबंद
6. Multi-tasker - बहुत से काम एक साथ करने वाला
7. Manage projects effectively - प्रोजेक्ट को प्रभावपूर्ण ढंग से संभालने वाला
8. Delegate responsibility - ज़िम्मेदारी बांटने वाला
9. Take charge - ज़िम्मा लेने वाला
10. Enforce policy - नीतियों को लागू करने वाला
8 Other ways to say - Nervous (बेचैन)
नीचे दिए गए शब्दों का मतलब है - बेचैन
1. Tensed
E.g. He was tensed about the exam. (वह परीक्षा को लेकर बेचैन था)
2. Uneasy
E.g. She felt uneasy. (उसे बेचैनी महसूस हो रही थी)
3. Shaky
E.g. She managed a shaky laugh. (वह बेचैनी में हंस रही थी)
4. Jittery
E.g. Caffeine makes me jittery. (caffeine se मुझे बेचैनी होती है)
5. Agitated
E.g. There is no point getting agitated. (बेचैन होने का कोई फायदा नहीं है)
6. Uptight - तनावग्रस्त
E.g. Don't get uptight about the meeting. (मीटिंग को लेकर तनावग्रस्त होने की ज़रुरत नहीं है)
7. Jumpy
E.g. He was tired and jumpy. (वह थका हुआ और बेचैन था.)
8. Edgy
E.g. He became edgy and defensive. (वह बेचैन और आत्मरक्षिक हो गया.)
12 Types of Hats:
1. Panama: a man's wide-brimmed hat of straw-like material, originally made from the leaves of a particular tropical palm tree.
2. Boater: a stiff hat made of straw with a flat top
3. Trilby: a soft felt hat with a narrow brim and indented crown.
4. Top hat: a man's formal hat with a high cylindrical crown.
5. Mortar board: an academic cap with a stiff, flat, square top and a tassel.
6. Beret: a round flattish cap of felt or cloth.
7. Beanie: a small close-fitting hat worn on the back of the head.
8. Bobble hat: a close-fitting knitted hat with a pom-pom at the top.
9. Sun hats: a broad-brimmed hat that protects the head and neck from the sun.
10. Sombrero: a type of wide-brimmed hat from Mexico, used to shield from the sun.
11. Baseball cap: a cotton cap of a kind originally worn by baseball players, with a large peak and an adjustable strap at the back.
12. Cowboy hat: a high-crowned, wide-brimmed hat.
7 Parts of a door:
1. Door frame
2. Door knob
3. Hinge
4. Door jamb
5. Panel
6. Keyhole
7. Lock
14 Parts of an Aircraft:
1. Fin - पंख
2. Rudder - स्टीयरिंग पहिया
3. Tailplane - विमान का अंत्य भाग
4. Elevator - विमान के उड़ते और ज़मीन पर आते हुए काम आने वाला हिस्सा
5. Wing - पंख
6. Hold - जहाज का पेंदा
7. Cabin - कक्ष
8. Flap - जो उड़ते समय विमान की गति को बढ़ाता है
9. Aileron - हवाई जहाज के पीछे की पतवार
10. Flight deck/ Cockpit - हवाई जहाज का अगला हिस्सा
11. Nose - विमान की नाक
12. Jet Engine - जेट इंजन
13. Fuselage - हवाई जहाज़ का ढांचा
14. Slats - पट्टियाँ बंद करना
13 Construction equipments:
1. Front end loader (आगे से भरने वाला): a machine with a scoop or bucket on an arm at the front for digging and loading earth.
2. Excavator (खोदक मशीन): a large machine for digging and moving earth.
3. Dumping truck (बजरी और कचरा इधर से उधर करने वाली ट्रक): a truck used for transporting loose material (such as sand, gravel, or demolition waste) for construction.
4. Scooptram (एक माइन में कच्ची धातु एक जगह से दूसरी जगह लेजाने वाला): Similar to a front end loader; a low-profile loader articulating in the center with a large bucket in front (usually five tons or more) that transports ore in an underground mine.
5. TLB (एक मशीन जिसमें ट्रेक्टर होता है और आगे और पीछे की तरफ बकेट होता है): a heavy equipment vehicle that consists of a tractor like unit fitted with a loader-style shovel/bucket on the front and a backhoe on the back.
6. Forklift (एक वाहन जिससे भारी सामान उठतय जाता है): a vehicle with a pronged device in front for lifting and carrying heavy loads.
7. Mobile crane (कोई भी क्रेन जोकि पहियों पर चलती है): any crane mounted on wheels or tracks
8. Bulldozer (एक भारी वाहन जोकि मिटटी और पथ्थर हटाने के काम आता है): a heavy vehicle with a large blade in front, used for pushing earth and stones away and for making areas of ground flat at the same time.
9. Tower crane (एक क्रेन जोकि टावर पर होती है): A crane placed on a portable tower.
12 Hand Gestures:
1. Stroke - स्पर्श
2. Grab - झपट लेना
3. Fiddle - बेचैनी में किसी भी चीज़ से छेड़छाड़ करते रहना
4. Snap - चुटकी बजाना
5. Pat - थपकी देना
6. Point - संकेत करना
7. Clap - ताली बजाना
8. Wave - हाथ हिलाना
9. Press - दबाना
10. Give thumbs up - शाबाशी देना
11. Shake - हाथ मिलाना
12. Punch - मुक्का मारना
17 English titles
I. Common Titles
1. Mr. (श्री/श्रीमान्): for men, regardless of marital status, who do not have another professional or academic title.
2. Mrs. (श्रीमती): for married women who do not have another professional or academic title.
3. Miss(कुमारी): for girls, unmarried women and (in the UK) married women who continue to use their maiden name (although "Ms" is often preferred for the last two). In the UK, it is used in schools to address female teachers, regardless of marital status.
II. Formal Titles
1. Sir (महोदय): for men, formally if they have a British knighthood or if they are a baronet. Also used in secondary schools; most tend not to call male teachers "Mr ___", but rather "Sir".
2. Ma'am (महोदया): for women, a term of general respect.
3. Lady (रानी): for female peers with the rank of baroness, viscountess, countess, and marchioness, or the wives of men who hold the equivalent titles.
4. Lord (प्रभु): for male barons, viscounts, earls, and marquesses, as well as some of their children.
5. Excellency (माननीय): a title of honor given to certain high officials, as governors, ambassadors, royalty, nobility, and Roman Catholic bishops and archbishops, (preceded by his, your, etc.).
6. Gentleman (सज्जन): originally a social rank, standing below an esquire and above a yeoman. The term can now refer to any man of good, courteous conduct.
III. Academic/Professional Titles
1. Dr.(डाक्टर): (abbreviation for Doctor) for the holder of a doctoral degree (e.g. PhD, or MD in many countries) and for medical practitioners
2. Professor(प्रोफ़ेसर): for a person who holds the academic rank of professor in a university or other institution.
3. Chancellor(दानाध्यक्ष): for the chancellor of a university.
4. Principal(प्रधानाचार्य): for the head of a school/organisation.
5. President (राष्ट्रपति): may apply to a person holding the title of president, or presiding over certain other governmental bodies.
6. Master (शिक्षक): a male schoolteacher.
7. Warden (ध्यान रखने वाला): a person responsible for the supervision of a particular place or activity or for enforcing the regulations associated with it.
8. Dean (महाविद्यालय का अध्यक्ष): the head of a university faculty or department or of a medical school.
7 Anger Related Words:
1. Peeved
E.g. I'm peeved because my friend lost my favorite book.
2. Sore
E.g. Jack won't talk to Sam. He is sore at him for forgetting his birthday.
3. Ticked off
E.g. Because the employees came to work late, their boss was ticked off all day.
4. Steaming
E.g. I can't believe I have to work three weeks without a day off. I'm steaming mad.
5. Incensed
E.g. The students were incensed because their teacher didn't prepare them for the exam.
6. Enraged
E.g. The enraged driver shouted at the slower drivers before speeding off.
7. Outraged
E.g. Samantha is outraged because a colleague stole her idea and then received a promotion because of it.
Lohri Wishes:
1. May warmth and light of the bonfire translate into your life. Have a blessed lohri! (लोहड़ी की गर्माहट और उजाला आपकी ज़िन्दगी में भी भर जाए. लोहड़ी की शुभकामनाएं!)
2. Days filled with joy, weeks of happiness, months filled with prosperity, years of celebrations are sent your way. God bless you today and everyday. Happy Lohri! (उल्लास से भरे दिन, खुशियों से भरे हफ्ते, खुशाली से भरे महीने, और उत्सव से भरे साल आपकी ओर आ रहे हैं. भगवान् आपको आज और सदा सौभाग्यशाली रखे! लोहड़ी की शुभकामनाएं!)
3. Hope you enjoy many moments of happiness and be jolly as you sing and dance around the bonfire. Happy Lohri to you! (आशा है आप लोहड़ी की अग्नि के आस पास नाचते हुए ख़ुशी के बहुत से पलों का मजा लें! लोहड़ी की शुभकामनाएं!)
4. I wish that the rhythms of this joyous festival fill your heart with loads of happiness and merriment. Happy Lohri! (आशा है इस उल्लास भरे उत्सव की ताल आपके दिल को ख़ुशी और आनंद से भर दे. लोहड़ी की शुभकामनाएं!)
5. Dance, eat and be merry, the festival of joy is here! Happy Lohri to all! (नाचिये, और खुशियाँ मनाइये! खुशियों का त्यौहार आया है! लोहड़ी की शुभकामनाएं!)
6. Hope divine grace brings joy to your heart and fulfils all your wishes on this auspicious occasion. (आशा है इस शुभ अवसर पर आपके दिल में ख़ुशी लाये और आपकी सारी मनोकामनाएं पूरी करे.)
7. May this lohri bring lots of laughter and joy in your home. Happy Lohri! (यह लोहड़ी आपके घर में ढेर सारी ख़ुशी और आनंद लाये. लोहड़ी की शुभकामनाएं!)
Sankranti Wishes:
1. With great devotion, fervour and gaiety, with rays of joys and hope, wish you and your family Happy Makar Sankranti! (उपासना, उत्साह, और प्रसन्नता, खुशी और उम्मीद के उजालों के साथ, आपको और आपके परिवार को मकर संक्रांति की शुभकामनाएं!)
2. I wish you soar high just like the kites on Makar Sankranti. Happy Makar Sankranti! (आशा है आप मकर संक्रांति पर पतंगों की तरह ऊंची उड़ान भरें. मकर संक्रांति की शुभकामनाएं!)
3. Hope this Makar Sankranti brings to your home, rays of joy and hope. Happy Makar Sankranti 2018! (आशा है यह मकर संक्रांति आपके घर खुशियां और उम्मीद लाये.)
4. Hope the festival of Makar Sankranti 2018 brings lots of happiness, bliss, and good times in your life. (आशा है मकर संक्रांति का त्यौहार आपके लिए खुशियां, आनंद और अच्छा समय लाये.)
5. Wishing that the rising sun of Makar Sankranti fills your life with bright and happy moments. (आशा है मकर संक्रांति का उगता हुआ सूरज आपकी ज़िन्दगी में उजाला और खुशियाँ भर दे.)
6. Best wishes for a happy and prosperous Makar Sankranti 2018! Hope the Sun God fulfills all your wishes on this auspicious occasion. (मकर संक्रांति की शुभकामनाएं. आशा है इस मंगल अवसर पर सूर्य देवता आपकी सभी मनोकामनाएं पूरी करे.)
7. Sending you warm greetings on the happy occasion of Makar Sankranti 2018. Happy Makar Sankranti! (मकर संक्रांति के खुश अवसर पर आपको शुभकामनाएं.)
Idioms with Fruits:
1. Go (or be) bananas (पागल या मूर्खतापूर्ण व्यवहार करना): become (or be) mad or extremely silly.
E.g. Everyone's beginning to think I'm bananas.
2. A bite at the cherry (कोई चीज़ करने का अवसर): an attempt or opportunity to do something.
E.g. They all wanted a bite of the cherry.
3. Lemon (कोई असन्तोषजनक चीज या इंसान): an unsatisfactory or feeble person or thing
E.g. Car-makers cannot afford to create lemons.
4. Peach (एक बहुत अच्छा इंसान या चीज़): an exceptionally good or attractive person or thing.
E.. It was another peach of a day.
5. Apple of your eye (एक इंसान जोकि आपको बहुत पसंद हो): the person who you are very fond of.
E.g. Sam is the apple of my eye.
6. Not give a fig (किसी चीज़ के बारे में ज़रा भी चिन्ता न करना): not have the slightest concern about.
E.g. Jack didn't give a fig for Sam's comfort or her state of mind.
7. A plum job (बहुत अच्छी नौकरी): very good job
E.g. He got a plum job in an insurance company.
Phrases for friends:
1. A friend in need is a friend indeed (एक इंसान जो आपकी मुश्किल समय में मदद करता है आप उस पर भरोसा कर सकते हो): a person who helps at a difficult time is a person who you can really rely on.
E.g. You are a friend in need, you are, Sam!
2. A man is known by the company he keeps (किसी का चरित्र उसके दोस्तों से पता लगाया जा सकता है): our character is reflected in our choice of friends.
E.g. Son, when you go away to school, spend your time with serious people; don't hang around with people who go to parties all the time. A man is known by the company he keeps.
3. Birds of a feather flock together (जिन लोगों का एक सा नजरिया होता है वे अक्सर एक दूसरे के साथ पाए जाते हैं): people who have the same outlook/tastes/interests will be found in each other's company.
E.g. These health professionals sure were birds of a feather.
4. To hit it off (दोस्ती करना): to find yourself immediately and naturally friendly with someone
E.g. We had similar ideas about the show, and the two of us hit it off right away.
5. To be joined at the hip (हमेशा साथ रहने वाला): to be inseparable
E.g. Those two are joined at the hip. They are always together.
6. A shoulder to cry on (कोई जो आपकी समस्या को सुनता है): someone who listens to your problems.
E.g. He was a fatherly shoulder to cry on when the going was tough.
7. No love lost (किसी से असहमत होना): disagree with someone
E.g. They used to be best friends but they had a huge fight about money. Now there's no love lost between them
Money Idioms:
1. To bet on the wrong horse (किसी ऐसे इंसान या चीज़ को सहारा देना जोकि असफल हो जाता हो): To support a person or an effort that fails
E.g. When I voted for him, I was convinced he would win, but I bet on the wrong horse!
2. To make a quick buck (जब कोई बहुत कम समय में बहुत सारे पैसे कमा लेता है, अक्सर कोई गलत चीज़ करके): when someone earns a lot of money quickly and easily, often by doing something which is considered to be dishonest.
E.g. They were just in it to make a quick buck.
3. Look like a million dollars (बहुत अच्छा दिखना या महसूस होना): look or feel extremely good
E.g. You look like a million dollars in that dress, honey!
4. To tighten one's belt (खर्च कम करना): cut one's expenditure
E.g. She said the poor must tighten their belts.
5. To work for peanuts (बहुत कम पैसे के लिए काम करना): working for a small amount of money.
E.g. I need a raise! I'm sick of still working for peanuts after three years!
6. To go broke (कड़की आ जाना): undergo financial collapse, lose most or all of one's money.
E.g. The company's about to go broke.
7. To be flat broke (बिलकुल भी पैसे न होना/कड़की आ जाना): not having any money at all
E.g. I can't help you, I'm flat broke.
English Idioms: Happiness
1. Having a whale of time (आनंद लेना): to enjoy yourself very much
E.g. We had a whale of a time on holiday.
2. On cloud nine (बहुत खुश): extremely happy
E.g. I was on cloud nine once I had completed it.
3. Tickled pink (प्रसन्न): delighted
E.g. I was tickled pink when I got his autograph.
4. On top of the world (खुश): happy and elated.
E.g. He was interested in her and she felt on top of the world.
5. Happy as a clam (बहुत खुश): extremely happy
E.g. Although the job does not pay very well, she is as happy as a clam there.
6. Buzzing (किसी चीज़ को लेकर बहुत खुश): really happy about something.
E.g. I'm buzzing for Sam's party on Friday!
7. Over the moon (बहुत खुश): extremely happy; delighted.
E.g. They're going on holiday on Wednesday so they're all over the moon.
8. In seventh heaven (बहुत खुश): very happy; ecstatic.
E.g. He was in seventh heaven, so excited.
7 Travel Phrases:
1. I lost my train of thought (जो बात हो रही थी या सोची जा रही थी वो भूल जाना): to forget what one was talking or thinking about.
E.g. Excuse me, I lost my train of thought.
2. That ship has sailed (कोई अवसर जो चला गया हो): used in reference to an opportunity that has passed or a situation that can no longer be changed.
E.g. We're good friends but I don't think we'll ever be anything more to each other-that ship has sailed.
3. I'll cross that bridge when I come to it (जब कोई चीज़ हो तभी उसके बारे में सोचना): to delay worrying about something that might happen until it actually does happen.
E.g. The job interview is a week away, so I'm notworried about it yet - I'll cross that bridge when I come to it
4. You don't need to reinvent the wheel (अनावश्यक तैयारी ना करना): to make unnecessary or redundant preparations.
E.g. You don't need to reinvent the wheel. Read up on what othershave done.
5. You should jump on the bandwagon (किसी चीज़ का समर्थन करना क्यूंकि ऐसा करना लोकप्रिय है): to support a cause only because it is popular to do so
E.g. After a couple of politicians won elections by promising to cut taxes, most of the others jumped on the bandwagon.
6. This job is right up my alley (जिसमें किसी की रूचि हो): Ideally suited to one's interests. Anna loves watching movies, so I'm sure she'll go to the film festival with you - that's right up her alley.
7. I'm on the wagon (शराब पीने से बचना): to abstain from drinking alcohol
E.g. I'm much healthier now that I'm on the wagon, but I find it hard to socialize with my friends.
Medicine Related Words:
1. Syrup (लिक्विड दवा)
2. Decongestant (सर्दी खाँसी की दवा)
3. Ointment (मरहम)
4. Drops (ड्रॉपर से डाली जाने वाली दवा)
5. Lozenges (एक गोली जोकि अक्सर विषमकोण के आकार की होती है और खराब गले को ठीक करने के लिए ली जाती है)
6. Tablet (गोली)
7. Lotion (मलहम)
8. Capsule (कैपसूल)
9. Soft gel (यह कैप्सूल जैसी दिखती है और मुँह से लेने वाली दवा होती है)
10. Gel (जैल)
11. Oral rinse (कुल्ला करने वाली दवा जोकि दांतों को साफ़ करने और बीमारी ठीक करने के काम आती है)
12. Effervescent tablets (ऐसी गोली जोकि पानी या किसी भी लिक्विड में जाते ही उसमें घुल जाती है)
Day and Night Words
There are 24 hours in a day. The day is divided into day(time) and night(-time). Daytime is from sunrise (this varies, but we can say approximately 6am) to sunset (we can say approximately 6pm). Night-time is from sunset to sunrise.
1. AM (ante-meridiem = before noon) (मध्य रात्रि के बाद का समय) - starts just after midnight
2. PM (post-meridiem=after noon) (दोपहर के बाद का समय) - starts just after midday
3. Dawn (प्रभात) - the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise.
4. Dusk (संध्या) - the darker part of twilight especially at night
5. Twilight (सांझ) - the soft glowing light from the sky when the sun is below the horizon, caused by the reflection of the sun's rays from the atmosphere.
6. Sunset (सूर्यास्त) - the time in the evening when the sun disappears or daylight fades.
7. Sunrise (सूर्योदय) - the time in the morning when the sun appears or full daylight arrives.
8. Morning (सुबह) - the period of time between midnight and noon, especially from sunrise to noon.
9. Midday/Noon (दोपहर) - the middle of the day; 12pm
10. Afternoon (दोपहर के बाद का समय) - the time from noon or lunchtime to evening
11. Midnight (मध्यरात्री) - twelve o'clock at night.
Types of Pollution:
1. Water Pollution : the contamination of water bodies (e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater). This form of environmental degradation occurs when pollutants are directly or indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.
2. Air Pollution: the presence in or introduction into the air of a substance which has harmful or poisonous effects.
3. Soil Pollution: Soil contamination or soil pollution as part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotic (human-made) chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment.
4. Thermal Pollution: the harmful release of heated liquid into a body of water or heat released into the air as a waste product of a business.
5. Radioactive Pollution: the deposition of, or presence of radioactive substances on surfaces or within solids, liquids or gases (including the human body), where their presence is unintended or undesirable
6. Noise Pollution: harmful or annoying levels of noise. Unwanted sound (noise) can damage psychological and physiological health. Noise pollution can cause hypertension, high stress levels, tinnitus, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects.
7. Light Pollution: brightening of the night sky caused by street lights and other man-made sources, which has a disruptive effect on natural cycles and inhibits the observation of stars and planets.
Bansant Panchmi Wishes:
1. May the blessings of Maa Saraswati bestow you with knowledge and wisdom! Happy Basant Panchami! (माँ सरस्वती आपको ज्ञान और बुद्धिमत्ता प्रदान करे. बसंत पंचमी की शुभकामनाएं)
2. As harsh winter ends and mustard flowers bloom,
May your life sees no tough time or any gloom.
Happy Basant Panchami! (सर्दी खत्म हुई और सरसों के फूल खिले,
आपके जीवन में कोई बुरा समय न रहे.
बसंत पंचमी की शुभकामनाएं)
3. May the vibrance of colour yellow fill your life with love and light this Basant Panchami. (पीले रंग की चमक आपके जीवन को प्यार और रौशनी से भर दे.)
4. All around are beautiful sights, flowers, birds, sweets and kites, Basant Panchami truly delights! Happy Basant Panchami! (हर तरफ है खूबसूरत नज़ारा, फूल, चिड़िया, मिठाई और पतंगे. बसंत पंचमी हमेशा प्रसन्न करती है! बसंत पंचमी की शुभकामनाएं!)
5. Wishing you happiness, good fortune, success, peace & progress on the auspicious occasion of Basant Panchami. (बसंत पंचमी के शुभ अवसर पर आपको खुशियां, सफलता, शान्ति और प्रगति मिले.)
Modal Verbs:
1. Can (समर्थ होना) - ability, request
2. Could (करने योग्य होना) - past ability, suggestion, future possibility
3. May (आज्ञा पाना/संभव होना) - permission or future possibility
4. Might (हो सकना) - present or future possibility
5. Must (आवश्यक होना) - necessity or obligation
6. Ought to (करना चाहिए) - what's right and correct
7. Shall (भविष्यकाल सूचक क्रिया) - offer or suggestion
8. Should (भविष्यकाल की सहायक क्रिया) - advice or uncertain prediction
9. Will (इच्छा होना/आज्ञा देना/भविष्य सूचक) - willingness, certain prediction, or promise
10. Would (भूतकाल को प्रकट करने के लिए) - request, invitation, or making arrangements
Mobile Related Words:
1. Handset (मोबाइल फ़ोन) – a mobile phone.
2. Service plan (महीने भर का कॉन्ट्रैक्ट जिसमें आपको बात करने के मिनट मिलते हैं) – a monthly contract that charges calls at a set rate and sometimes gives you a certain amount of free calls.
3. Service provider (कंपनी जो आपके मोबाइल फ़ोन का कनेक्शन देती है)– a company that provides the connection for your mobile phone
4. Coverage (क्षेत्र जहाँ आपका फ़ोन इसतमाल किया जा सकता है) – the area where your mobile phone can be used
5. Pre-paid (जिस सर्विस के लिए आप पहले ही पैसे दे देते हैं)– a service you pay for before you use it
6. Reception (सिग्नल की तीव्रता) – signal strength
7. Text message (एक मैसेज जोकि मोबाइल फ़ोन से भेजा जा सकता है) – a message of up to 160 characters sent from a mobile phone (also called SMS)
8. SIM card (जोकि फ़ोन में लगाया जाता है आपके फ़ोन को सर्विस प्रोवाइडर से जोड़ने के लिए) – the small plastic card that enables your phone to connect to the service provider
9. Credit (प्रे-पेड फ़ोन सर्विस के लिए दिए पैसे) – money to make calls on a pre-paid phone service
10. A top-up voucher (एक टिकट जिससे आप अपने फ़ोन में क्रेडिट डाल सकते हैं) – a ticket to add credit to your mobile phone
Republic day Wishes:
1. This Republic Day, let us celebrate the true spirit of patriotism. Happy Republic Day!
(इस गणतंत्र दिवस पर, आओ देशप्रेम के भाव का उत्सव मनाएं. गणतंत्र दिवस की शुभकामनाएं!)
2. We, the youth of India, should take a pledge that we will protect our nation till our last breath. Happy Republic Day!
(हमें, भारत के युवाओं को, यह प्रतिज्ञा करनी चाहिए कि हम अपने राष्ट्र की आखरी सांस तक रक्षा करेंगे. गणतंत्र दिवस की शुभ कामनाएं!)
3. Hold your head high, and let the world know that you are proud to be an Indian. Vande Mataram and Happy Republic Day.
(अपना सर ऊंचा रखें और दुनिया को यह बताएं की आप भारतीय होने पर गर्वान्वित महसूस करते हैं. वन्दे मातरम और गणतंत्र दिवस की शुभ कामनाएं.)
4. On this special day, let us promise our motherland that we will do everything to enrich and preserve our heritage. Happy Republic Day.
(इस ख़ास दिन पर, अपनी मातृभूमि से आओ ये वादा करते हैं कि हम अपनी विरासत को बढ़ाने और सुरक्षित रखने के लिए सब कुछ करेंगे. गणत्रंत्र दिवस की शुभ कामनाएं.)
5. Let us celebrate this Republic Day remembering the martyred soldiers and what they did for India.
(इस गणतंत्र दिवस को मनाते हुए हमारे शहीद सैनिकों को और जो उन्होंने देश के लिए किया उसको याद करें.)
10 words from the constitution (संविधान):
1. Secular - लौकिक
2. Socialist - समाजवादी
3. Justice - न्याय
4. Economic - आर्थिक
5. Social - सामाजिक
6. Political - राजनैतिक
7. Liberty - स्वतंत्रता/ स्वाधीनता
8. Equality - समानता
9. Fraternity - बंधुता
10. Preamble - उद्देशिका
9 Holidays Related Words:
1. Excursion(घूमना): a short visit to an interesting place arranged by a tourist organization, often as part of a holiday
2. Sightseeing(पर्यटन): the activity of visiting places of interest in a particular location.
3. Vacation(अवकाश): a holiday
4. Summer camp(गर्मियों में लगने वाला शिविर): a place where children can go to stay in the summer holidays and do various activities
5. Package holiday(भ्रमण जोकि एक ट्रेवल एजेंट द्वारा संगठित किया जाता है): a holiday organized by a travel agent, with arrangements for transport, accommodation, etc., made at an inclusive price.
6. Camping(शिविर लगा कर रहना): the activity of spending a holiday living in a tent.
7. Sunbathing(धूप सेंकना): sit or lie in the sun, especially to tan the skin.
8. Surfing(समुद्र की तटीय लहरों पर बोर्ड पर तैरना): the sport or pastime of riding a wave towards the shore while standing or lying on a surfboard.
9. Sail(समुद्री यात्रा): travel in a boat with sails, especially as a sport or recreation.
9 Plurals:
1. Man-Men
(आदमी - बहुत से आदमी)
2. Person-People
(व्यक्ति - लोग)
3. Woman-Women
(औरत - औरतें)
4. Foot-Feet
(एक पैर - पैर)
5. A Tooth-Teeth
(एक दांत - बहुत से दांत)
6. A Child-Children
(बच्चा- बच्चे)
7. A Mouse-Mice
(चूहा - चूहे)
8. An Ox-Oxen
(एक बैल - बहुत से बैल)
9. A Goose- Geese
(हंस - बहुत से हंस)
16 Ways to Express Opinion:
1. In my opinion... - मेरी राय में...
2. If you ask me... - अगर आप मुझसे पूछो तो...
3. The way I see it... - जैसा मुझे लगता है...
4. It seems to me... - मुझे लगता है...
5. As far as I can see... - जहाँ तक मैं समझता हूँ...
6. As far as I am concerned... - जहाँ तक मेरी बात है...
7. I feel... - मुझे लगता है...
8. I honestly believe that... - ईमानदारी से मैं मानता हूँ...
9. From my point of view... - मेरे नज़रिए से...
10. Personally, I think... - निजी तौर पर मुझे लगता है...
11. I'd like to point out that... - मैं यह बताना चाहूँगा...
12. In my experience... - मेरे अनुभव में...
13. I have observed that... - मैंने यह देखा है...
14. I am not certain, but... - मैं निश्चित नहीं हूँ, लेकिन...
15. I have mixed opinions on this - इस मामले में मेरी बहुत सी राय हैं...
16. I have no opinion in the matter - स मामले में मेरी कोई राय नहीं है...
Construction material:
1. Sand: रेत
2. Soil: मिट्टी
3. Mud: गीली मिट्टी
4. Rock: चट्टान, शिला
5. Stone: पत्थर
6. Gravel: बजरी
7. Pebble: चिकना और गोल पत्थर
a small stone made smooth and round by the action of water or sand.
8. Boulder: गोल चट्टान का टुकड़ा
a large rock, typically one that has been worn smooth by erosion.
9. Concrete: कंक्रीट, जमाया हुआ रोड़ा
10. Rubble: मलबा
11. Lime: चूना
12. Brick: ईंट
Ice Cream related words:
1. Ice lolly (छोटी डंडी पर लगी फ्रूट फ्लेवर की बर्फ): a sweet piece of ice with a fruit flavour on a small stick.
2. Gelato (आइसक्रीम जो दूध, क्रीम, चीनी और अन्य फ्लेवर से बनती है, इसके बेस में अंडे की जरदी नहीं होती और ये दूध से बनती है. Gelato आइसक्रीम से गाढ़ी और कम फूली हुई होती है): made with a base of milk, cream, and sugar, and flavored with fruit and nut purees and other flavourings. Gelato's base does not include egg yolks and is made with milk. Gelato has a denser and less "fluffy" texture than ice cream.
3. Sundae (आइसक्रीम के दो या उससे ज़्यादा गोलों से बना हुआ होता है और सिरप, सॉस और फल आदि इसके ऊप्पर लगाये जाते है): made of two or more scoops of ice-cream that is topped with syrup, sauce, crushed or chopped fruits, nuts and various other toppings.
4. Ice cream (आइसक्रीम): a soft, sweet frozen food made with milk and cream and typically flavoured with vanilla, fruit, or other ingredients.
5. Scoop (आइसक्रीम का गोला): a portion of ice cream
6. Granita (एक प्रकार की आइसक्रीम जोकि ताज़े फल और पानी से बनती है): a frozen fruit dessert made from fresh fruit and water.
7. Cone (कोन): an ice cream cone is a dry, cone-shaped pastry, usually made of a wafer which enables ice cream to be held in the hand and eaten without a bowl or spoon.
8. Toppings (आइसक्रीम के ऊपर डाला जाने वाला, जैसे: सॉस, ब्रेड के टुकड़े, या फेंटी हुई मलाई): something that forms a top; especially : a garnish (such as a sauce, bread crumbs, or whipped cream) placed on top of a food for flavor or decoration.
9. Sorbet (जमा हुआ शरबत): a frozen dessert made from sweetened water with flavoring (typically fruit juice or fruit purée, wine, liqueur or, very rarely, honey).
10. Froyo/ Frozen Yogurt (एक आइसक्रीम जोकि दही से बनी होती है): a frozen dessert made with yogurt and sometimes other dairy products.
12 बजट सम्बन्धी शब्द
1. Tax rebate: छूट
2. Deficit: घाटा
3. Tax: कर
4. Fiscal Policy: राजकोषीय नीति
5. Scheme: योजना
6. Allocation: आवंटन
7. Direct Tax: जैसे Income Tax
8. Indirect Tax: जैसे GST
9. Corporation Tax: कंपनियों पर लगने वाला टैक्स
10. Subsidy: सब्सिडी
11. Fund: निधि, पूंजी
12. Tax slab: कर-स्तर
Chocolate Cake recipe in English:
Ingredients
1 ½ cup 2 tablespoons (200 grams) all-purpose flour sifted (आटा)
1 cup (200 grams) granulated sugar (दानेदार चीनी)
⅔ cup 1 tablespoon (75 grams) unsweetened cocoa powder sifted (कोको पाउडर)
4 teaspoons (16 grams) baking powder (बेकिंग पाउडर)
1 ¾ cup 2 tablespoons (450 ml) soy milk or dairy milk (सोया दूध या डेरी का दूध)
2½ tablespoons (35 grams) vegetable oil (सब्ज़ी में इस्तेमाल किये जाने वाला तेल)
1 teaspoon vanilla extract (वैनिला अर्क)
powdered sugar for dusting (पिसी हुई चीनी)
Instructions
1. Preheat the oven to 160 degrees C (320 degrees F).
1. ओवन को पहले से 160 डिग्री सेल्सियस पर गरम कर लें.
2. In a large bowl, combine the flour, sugar, cocoa powder, and baking powder.
2. एक बड़े भगोने में, आटा, चीनी, कोको पाउडर और बेकिंग पाउडर मिला लें.
3. In a separate bowl, whisk the milk, vegetable oil, and vanilla extract.
3. एक भगोने में दूध, तेल, और वैनिला अर्क को फैंट लें.
4. Add the wet ingredients to the dry ingredients and stir with a wooden spoon until just combined.
4. गीली सामग्री को सूखी सामग्री में मिला कर लकड़ी के चम्मच से मिलाएं.
5. Don't over-mix!
5. ज़्यादा ना मिलाएं!
6. Pour the batter into a greased and floured 22 cm (8 inch) pan.
6. पैन को तेल लगा कर, उसपर आटा छिड़क कर मिश्रण उसमें डाल दें.
7. Bake for 40 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
7. 40 मिनट तक बेक करें या तब तक बेक करें जब तक टूथपिक डालके निकालने पर साफ़ बाहर ना आये
8. Cool the moist chocolate cake on a wire rack and dust with icing sugar before serving.
8. नम चॉकलेट केक को ठंडा करें और सर्वे करने से पहले चीनी छिड़क दें.
9. Enjoy it!
9. केक का मजा लें!
15 Food related words
TEXTURES
Texture is the way a food feels when you touch it or eat it.
1. Creamy - मलाईदार
Creamy foods are smooth, soft and thick.
2. Crumbly - भुरभुरा
Crumbly describes food that falls apart into small pieces when you eat or break it.
3. Crunchy - कुरकुरा
Crunchy foods have a hard texture and make a loud sound when chewed.
4. Greasy - चिकना
Greasy foods taste very much of oil, and usually leave oil behind.
5. Gooey - लसीला
Gooey describes foods that are wet and sticky, often in a positive way.
6. Moist - नम
Moist describes foods that are slightly wet and soft.
7. Mushy - गूहेदार
Mushy also describes foods that are soft and wet, but usually it is used for food that is not meant to be soft.
FLAVORS
Flavors/ Flavours are the particular tastes of a food.
1. Sweet - मीठा
Sweet foods have a sugary flavor, such as cake, ice cream, chocolate, lollipops and mangoes.
2. Salty - नमकीन
Salty is used to describe food that tastes too much of salt. It is usually used as a negative description.
3. Bitter - खट्टा
Bitter describes a strong and sometimes unpleasant flavor that is the opposite of sweet.
4. Tart - ती
Tart describes a sharp and acidic taste. Sour can also be used, but it often has a negative meaning.
5. Smoky - तीखा/खट्टा
Smoky describes foods that taste of smoked wood.
6. Rancid - बासी
Rancid describes the taste of food that has a strong or unpleasant smell or taste because it is no longer fresh.
7. Spicy/hot - तीखा
Spicy is the taste that makes one's mouth burn from strong chilies.
10 Tables
1. Dining table (खाने की मेज़): a table on which meals are served in a dining room.
2. Desk (लिखने की मेज़): a piece of furniture with a flat or sloping surface and typically with drawers, at which one can read, write, or do other work.
3. Picnic table (पिकनिक पर लेकर जाने वाली मेज़): a modified table with attached benches, designed for eating a meal outdoors.
4. Pool table (बिलियर्ड्स का गेम खेलने वाली मेज़): a bounded table on which billiards-type games are played.
5. Garden table (बाहर इस्तेमाल की जाने वाली मेज़): a type of table specifically designed for outdoor use.
6. Trestle table (तख्ते पर रखी मेज़): a table consisting of a board or boards laid on a wooden or metal structure.
7. Workbench (मेज़ जिसपर बढ़ई अपना काम करता है): a bench at which carpentry or other mechanical or practical work is done.
8. Coffee table (कम ऊँचाई वाली मेज़ जिसपर कॉफ़ी रखी जाती है): a low table usually placed in front of a sofa on which to set drinks, magazines, and other small objects.
9. Bedside table (पलंग के पास रखी मेज़): a small table usually with shelves or drawers, that you have next to your bed.
10. Vanity table (बाथरूम में एक छोटी मेज़ जिसपर मेकअप वगैरह रखते हैं): a small table in your bedroom or bathroom where you keep makeup, etc.
Animal adjectives:
1. Feline (बिल्ली का या के जैसा): of or relating to the cat family
2. Equine (घोड़े का या के जैसा): of or relating to horses
3. Canine (कुत्ते का या के जैसा): relating to dogs
4. Bovine (गाय का या के जैसा): relating to cows
5. Asinine (गधे का या के जैसा): of, relating to, or resembling an ass
6. Leonine (शेर का या के जैसा): of, relating to, or resembling a lion
7. Ursine (भालू का या के जैसा): of or relating to a bear or the bear family
8. Vulpine (लोमड़ी का या के जैसा): of, relating to, or similar to a fox
9. Porcine (सूअर का या के जैसा): of, relating to pigs
10. Aquiline (गिद्ध का या के जैसा): of, or like an eagle
11. Corvine (कौवे का या के जैसा): of or like a raven or crow, especially in colour
12. Ovine (भेड़ का या के जैसा): relating to or resembling sheep
10 Things to say instead of - Stop Crying
किसी को दिलासा देने के लिए आप इन सब वाक्यों का इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं:
1. It's ok to be sad - दुखी होना बुरा नहीं है
2. This must be really hard for you. - मैं जानता/जानती हूँ ये तुम्हारे लिए बहुत मुश्किल होगा
3. I'm here for you - मैं तुम्हारे साथ हूँ
4. Tell me about it - मुझे इसके बारे में बताओ
5. I hear you - मैं समझ रहा/रही हूँ तुम क्या कह रहे हो
6. That was really sad - वह बहुत बुरा था
7. I will help you work it out - मैं आपको उसे ठीक करने में मदद करूँगा
8. I'm listening - मैं सुन रहा/रही हूँ
9. I want to be here for you. I'll stay close so you can find me when you're ready. - मैं तुम्हारे लिए यहाँ रहना चाहता हूँ. मैं पास रहूँगा ताकि जब तुम्हे मेरी ज़रूरत हो, मैं साथ ही रहूं.
10. It doesn't feel fair - ये ठीक नहीं लगता
Weather related words:
1. Flurries (हल्का हिमपात): very light snowfall
E.g. There are a few flurries but the snow isn't sticking to the roads.
2. Fog/ foggy (कोहरा): thick water vapor that blocks one's vision
E.g. We couldn't see the bridge because there was too much fog.
3. Frost (पाला): ice crystals on a frozen surface
E.g. Some flowers are so strong they can withstand frost.
4. Hurricane (समुद्री तूफ़ान): a tropical storm with very strong wind and rain
E.g. Half of the buildings on the island were flattened by the hurricane.
5. Lightning (बिजली): electrical discharge and flash between a cloud and the ground
E.g. The outdoor pool always closes when the lifeguards think lightning is coming.
6. Overcast (बादल से घिरा हुआ): no sun is visible
E.g. The sky is overcast this morning, but the sun is supposed to come out by late afternoon.
7. Partly cloudy (धुंधला): term often used in a weather forecast to indicate that the skies are sunny and cloudy at the same time
E.g. Tomorrow's forecast is partly cloudy with clear skies by nightfall.
8. Sleet (similar to hail) (ओले के साथ वर्षा): rain that freezes as it falls
E.g. All-weather-tires are best if you have to drive in sleet.
9. Tornado/ cyclone (बवंडर): violently spinning windstorm
E.g. The tornado picked up everything in its path, including animals and cars.
vehicles and accident related words
1. Towed (खींच कर ले जाना)
E.g. After the accident, both cars had to be towed to the repair shop.
2. Slippery (फिसलाऊ)
E.g. Be careful - it's snowing and the roads will be slippery.
3. Pile-up (दुर्घटना जिसमें बहुत सारी गाड़ियाँ शामिल हो)
E.g. During the snowstorm, there was an eight-car pile-up on the highway.
4. Sideswiped (साइड में खिसकाना)
E.g. I had to pay for the damage after I sideswiped another car in the parking lot.
5. Speeding (तेज़ी से आता हुआ)
E.g. My teenage son was caught speeding - he was going 80 miles per hour in a 65-mph zone.
6. Thrown (फेंका गया)
E.g. One of the victims wasn't wearing her seatbelt and was thrown from the vehicle.
7. Crashed (धमाके से टक्कर खाना)
E.g. The motorcycle ran a red light and crashed into the side of a bus.
8. Fender-bender (एक छोटी सी भिड़ंत)
E.g. Was your car badly damaged? No, it was just a fender bender.
9. Injured (घायल)
E.g. Two people were injured in the accident.
10. Running over (गाड़ी का किसी के ऊपर से चले जाना)
E.g. We got a flat tire after running over some broken glass.
11. Slammed (जोर से मारना)
E.g. When a child ran out in front of the car, I slammed on the brakes.
12. Drunk (नशे में धुत्त)
E.g. After 10 beers, William was arrested for drunk driving on his way home from the bar.
8 'feelings and states' phrases:
1. Bedridden: too weak to leave one's bed - बुढ़ापे या बीमारी के कारण बिस्तर पर पड़ा हुआ
2. Broke: without money - जिसके पास पैसे ना हो
3. Broken-hearted: very sad - उदास, जिसका दिल टूट जाये
4. Down in the dumps: depressed, unhappy - खूब दुखी, हताश
5. Hard of hearing: deaf - बहरा
6. Ill at ease: awkward and uneasy - अजीब और बैचैन करने वाला
7. Keyed up: worried and nervous - चिंतित और घबराया हुआ
8. Peckish: hungry - भूखा
Love Letter Vocabulary
1. Exquisite (delicately beautiful) - अति सुंदर
2. Essence (the choicest or most vital part of some idea or experience) - सारतत्व
3. Passion (a strong feeling or emotion) - जुनून
4. Beloved (dearly loved) - प्रिय
5. Deprivation (the disadvantage that results from losing something) - किसी को खोने का दर्द
6. Comely (very pleasing to the eye) - आँखों को जो लुभा जाये
7. Glorious (having great beauty and splendor) - सुंदरता जो प्रशंसनीय हो
8. Graceful (characterized by beauty of movement, style, or form) - सुंदर / आकर्षक / प्रभावशाली
9. Resplendent (having great beauty) - खूबसूरत / आकर्षक
10. Splendid (having great beauty) - बहुत प्रभावशाली
11. Substance (the most essential part of some idea or experience) - किसी बात का महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा/तत्व
Games and sports Vocabulary
1. Cycling - साइकल चलाना
2. Archery - तीर धनुष चलाने की कला
3. Hurdle Race -बाधा दौड़
4. Volleyball - आमतौर पर छह खिलाड़ियों वाला एक खेल, जिसमें एक बड़ी गेंद को एक ऊँचे नेट पर कूद कर हाथ से मारा जाता है,
5. Go Karting - एक छोटी सी open wheel racing वाली car
7. Wrestling - कुश्ती
8. Weight Lifting - एक ऐसा खेल जिसमें भारी वज़न उठाया जाता है
9. Sailing - पाल वाली नाव में यात्रा करना, खासकर खेल या मनोरंजन के रूप में
10. Scuba Diving - एक खेल जिसमें scuba gear का इस्तेमाल करके तैराकी पानी में तैरते हैं.
11. Discus Throwing - ऐसा खेल जिसमे व्यक्ति एक भारी फ़्रिज़बी (प्लास्टिक का चक्र) को अपने प्रतिद्वंदी द्वारा चिन्हित दूरी से आगे फेंकने की कोशिश करता है.
12. Mountaineering - पहाड़ चढ़ना
13. Horse Riding - घुड़सवारी
14 Ice Hockey - बर्फ पर खेली जाने वाली हॉकी
15. Football - फ़ुटबाल का खेल
22 जानवरों/पक्षियों की आवाज़ें
1. Dog - Bark - भौंकना
2. Cat - Meow - म्याऊँ-म्याऊँ
3. Cow - Moo - राँभना
4. Horse - Neigh -हिनहिनाना
5. Pig - Oink (Grunt) - किकियाना
6. Lion - Roar - दहाड़
7. Snake - Hiss - फुफकार
8. Donkey - Bray - रेंकना
9. Bear - Growl - गुर्राना
10. Goat - Bleat - मिमियाना
11. Frog - Croak - टरटराना
12. Elephant - Trumpet - चिंघाड़ना
13. Mouse - Squeak - चूं-चूं
14. Tiger - Growl - गरजना
15. Bee - Buzz - भनभनाहट
16. Monkey - chatter, screech - चहचहाना
17. Chicken - Chirp - चीं-चीं
18. Duck - Quack - टर्राना
19. Owl - Hoot - हूहू
20. Eagle - Screech - घू घू
21. Crow - Caw - कांव-कांव
22. Pigeon - Coo - गुटर्गूं
Valentine's Day Messages:
1. All I wanted was someone to care for me,
All I wanted was someone who'd b there for me,
All I ever wanted was someone who'd b true,
All I ever wanted was someone like You!
Happy Valentine's Day!
(मैं हमेशा से चाहता/चाहती थी कि मेरा कोई ध्यान रखने वाला हो,
मैं हमेशा से चाहता/चाहती थी कि कोई मेरे लिए हमेशा रहे,
मैं हमेशा से चाहता/चाहती थी कोई जो सच्चा हो,
मैं हमेशा से चाहता/चाहती थी कोई तुम जैसा हो!
Happy Valentine's Day!)
2. A day filled with kisses, a week filled with romance, a month filled with love, a year filled with bliss and a lifetime filled with happy memories. I want to spend the rest of my life with you. Happy Valentine’s Day! (एक प्यार भरा दिन, रोमांस भरा हफ्ता, प्यार भरा महीना, और साल जो ख़ुशी और खुशाल यादों से भरा हो. मैं अपनी पूरी ज़िन्दगी तुम्हारे साथ बिताना चाहता/चाहती हूँ. Happy Valentine's Day!)
3. Darling, my love for you is as deep as the sea and as high as the sky. Happy Valentine’s Day! (मेरा प्यार आपके लिए समुद्र जितना गहरा और आस्मां जितना ऊंचा है. Happy Valentine’s Day!)
4. When I look at you, I’m amazed by your beauty, both on the outside and the inside. Happy Valentine’s Day! (जब मैं आपकी तरफ देखता/देखती हूँ, मैं आपकी अंदरूनी और बाहरी खूबसूरती को देख कर दंग रह जाता/जाती हूँ. Happy Valentine’s Day!)
5. I still remember the moment when our eyes met for the first time. I felt butterflies in my stomach and since then my heart longs to be with you always. Be mine forever! (मुझे अब भी वह पल याद है जब हमारी नज़रें पहली बार मिली थी. मेरे पेट में तितलियां उड़ रही थी और तब से मेरा दिल तुम्हारे साथ रहना चाहता है. हमेशा के लिए मेरे हो जाओ!)
6. A day without you is a day without a sun, a night without a moon; a life without meaning.
7. Happy Valentine’s Day to the most special person in my life. You are my love, my heart and my joy.
Love idioms and phrases:
1. Match made in heaven (एक रिश्ता जो खुशहाल और सफल हो क्यूंकि दोनों एक दुसरे के अनुकूल हैं): A marriage that is likely to be happy and successful because the two people are very compatible with each other.
2. Head over heels (किसी से बेहद प्यार करना): To be very much in love with someone
3. Love at first sight (किसी से मिलते ही उससे प्यार हो जाना): strong and immediate attraction to someone you have just met
4. To be a soul mate (कोई जो दुसरे को समझता हो और पूरी तरह अपनाता हो): to be someone who understands and accepts the other person completely
5. To take one’s breath away (जब कोई चीज़ आपको बहुत खूबसूरत लगती हो या आपको चकित कर देती हो): If you say that something takes your breath away, you are emphasizing that it is extremely beautiful or surprising.
6. To be someone’s one and only (किसी के लिए ख़ास होना): to be unique to the other person
7. To fall head over heels in love (किसी के प्यार में पड़ना): to fall completely in love
Formal Telephone Communication
BEGINNING A CALL - कॉल शुरू करना
1. “Thank you for calling Smith Publishing. How may I direct your call?”
To introduce - अपना परिचय देना
2. “Hello, this is Jack Smith”
Ask to speak to somebody - किसी से बात करने के लिए पूछना
3. “May I speak with…?”
Give a reason - बात करने का कारण देना
4. “I’m calling about the job opening I saw in the newspaper.”
Asking who is calling - पूछना कि - "कौन बोल रहा है"
5. May I ask who's calling?
When the call is being transferred - जब कॉल ट्रांसफर हो रही हो
6. “One moment please – I’ll put you through.”
HOLDING THE LINE - इंतज़ार करना
7. Please hold on.
One moment please.
TAKING / LEAVING MESSAGES - मैसेज लेना/देना
8. If the person is unavailable - “I’m sorry, she’s out of town at the moment.”
9. Offering to take a message - “Would you like to leave a message?”
10. Replying to the offer - “Could you ask her to call me back?”
11. If you don't want to leave a message - “No thanks, I’ll call back later.”
CLARIFYING/CONFIRMING INFORMATION - जानकारी की पुष्टि करना
12. “Could you spell your last name for me?”
FINISHING A CALL - कॉल पूरा करना
13. “Well, it was nice talking with you."
Have a nice day!
Informal Telephone Communication
Introduction - अपना परिचय देना
14. Hey, it's Jack!
Ask to speak to somebody - किसी से बात करने के लिए पूछना
15. “Can I speak to Peter?”
Asking someone to wait - किसी को इंतज़ार करने के लिए बोलना
16. Hang on a sec.
If you’re having difficulty hearing the other person on the phone. - जब आप किसी को फ़ोन में ठीक से सुन नहीं पा रहे हों
17. “There’s a lot of background noise – I can barely hear you.”
Landforms:
1. Archipelago: द्वीप-समूह
2. Bay: खाड़ी
3. Canyon: घाटी
4. Cave: गुफा
5. Coast: समुद्रतट
6. Continent: महाद्वीप
7. Delta: त्रिकोण धरती जो पानी से घिरी हो
8. Desert: रेगिस्तान
9. Glacier: हिमनदी
10. Hill: पर्वत
11. Island: द्वपि
12. Isthmus: स्थलडमरूमध्य/संयोग भूमि
13. Lake: झील
14. Mountain: पहाड़
15. Ocean: समुद्र
16. Peninsula: उपद्वीप
17. Plain: समभूमि
18. Plateau: ऊंची चौरस भूमि
19. Pond: तालाब
20. River: नदी
21. Strait: जल डमरु मध्य
22. Waterfall: जलप्रपात
23. Valley: घाटी
24. Volcano: ज्वालामुखी
Some empowerment & encouragement lines for you all over/on/upon Education...
Education is not preparation for life,education is life itself...Education is the key to unlock the golden door of freedom...Develop a passion for learning. If you do, you will never cease to grow...The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet...The aim of education is the knowledge, not of facts, but of values...An investment in knowledge pays the best interest...Education is the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it today...Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world...
[20/04 08:15] Raj Kumar: 1. Boiling(उबलता हुआ): at or near boiling point. Ex: boiling water
2. Humid (गीला) : marked by a relatively high level of water vapour in the atmosphere. Ex: a hot and humid day
3. Muggy(उमसदार): unpleasantly warm and humid. Ex: it was a hot, very muggy evening
4. Scorching(झुलसानेवाला): very hot, often used in positive contexts. Ex: the scorching July sun.
5. Stifling: hot and you can hardly breath. Ex: stifling heat
6. Sweltering(तपता): hot and uncomfortable. Ex: a sweltering English summer
7. Blistering(बहुत तेज़): (of heat) intense. Ex: the blistering heat of the desert
8. A sizzler(कड़ाके की धूप) - a very hot day
9. A heat wave(गर्मी की लहर)- a period of extremely hot weather
10. Melting(गलन)- the temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid state.
11. Blazing sun(चमकता हुआ सूर्य) - sun shinning brightly. Ex: Quite a few people were eating outside in the blazing sun.
[20/04 08:15] Raj Kumar: EDUCATION::::
Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves...GM...You all...
Wishes on Gudi Padwa:
1. On this auspicious occasion of Gudi Padwa, may you be endowed with happiness, health & wealth. Happy Gudi Padwa! (गुड़ी पड़वा के इस शुभ अवसर पर, आपको खुशियां, स्वास्थ्य और धन की प्राप्ति हो. गुड़ी पड़वा की शुभकामनाएं.)
2. May each day of this New Year be as bright and beautiful as this Rangoli. Wishing you a very Happy Gudi Padwa! (इस नए साल का हर दिन रंगोली की तरह उज्जवल और खूबसूरत हो. गुड़ी पड़वा की शुभकामनाएं)
3. May this New Year bring prosperity for you and your family. May God shower his blessings upon you. Wishing you health and wealth on this auspicious day. Happy Gudi Padwa! (यह नया साल आपके और आपके परिवार के लिए समृद्धि लाए. भगवान् आप पर अपनी कृपा बनाए रखें. आपको इस शुभ दिन पर स्वास्थ्य और धन की प्राप्ति हो.)
4. Hope this Gudi Padwa brings in good fortune & happiness for you. Happy Gudi Padwa! (आशा है यह गुड़ी पड़वा आपके लिए अच्छा भाग्य और ख़ुशी लाए. गुड़ी पड़वा की शुभकामनाएं)
5. Happy Gudi Padwa, may Gudi Padwa, the festival of purity and prosperity bring a kalash full of joy and blessings. (गुड़ी पड़वा की शुभकामनाएं गुड़ी पड़वा, पवित्रता और समृद्धि का पर्व आपके लिए खुशियों और दुआओं का कलश लाए.)
6. May the New Year bring new hopes and new opportunities for you! Happy New Year! (नया साल आपके लिए नयी उम्मीदें और नए अवसर लाये. नया साल मुबारक!)
7. May you continue to rise every day, all through the year! Happy New Year! (आप हर दिन बढ़ते रहे, पूरे साल. नए साल की शुभकामनाएं!)
WhatsApp short forms:
1. AFAIK = As far as I know
2. AFK = Away from keyboard
3. ATM = At the moment
4. B/c = Because
5. B/w = Between
6. B4 = Before
7. BBIAB = Be back in a bit
8. BBl = Be back later
9. BFF = Best friends forever
10. BRB = Be right back
11. BTW = By the way
12. CTN = Can't talk now
13. CYE = Check your E-mail
14. DI = Download
15. ETA = Estimated time of arrival
16. FWIW = For what it's worth
17. FYI = For your information
18. GG = Good game
19. MMB = Message me back
20. Msg = Message
21. MYOB = Mind your own business
22. N/A = Not available
23. NC = No comment
24. NE1 = Anyone
25. NM = Not much
26. NP = no problem
27. NTN = No thanks needed
28. OMG = Oh my God!
29. OMY = On my way
30. OT = Off topic
31. PC = Personal computer
32. Pls = please
33. POS = Parent over shoulder
34. Ppl = People
35. Re = Regarding
36. SMH = Shaking my head
37. SRY - Sorry
38. THX = Thanks
39. IAC = In any case
40. IC = I see
41. TTYL = Talk to you later
42. IMO: In my opinion
43. IMHO: In My Humble (Honest) Opinion
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